HomeMy WebLinkAboutAttachmt 7 Tree Protection Plan 12-20-2006 ARBOR RESOURCES Professional Arboricultural Consulting & Tree Care A TREE PROTECTION PLAN AND REVIEW OF TREES IN PROXIMITY TO THE TWO BRIDGE CROSSINGS PROPOSED FOR THE WALLIS RANCH DEVELOPMENT DUBLIN, CALIFORNIA APN: 986-0004-005-01 PROJECT APPLICATION NO. 05-051 Submitted to: Mr. Michael Porto Consultant Project Manager City of Dublin 100 Civic Plaza Dublin, CA 94568 Prepared by: David L. Babby, RCA ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist #399 ISA Certified Arborist #WE-4001A December 20, 2006 P.O. Box 25295, San Mateo, California 94402 . Email: arborresourees@eomcast.net Phone: 650.654.3351 . Fax: 650.240.0777 . Licensed Contractor #796763 Attachment 7 David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20. 2006 SECTION 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4a 4.4b 4.4c 4.4d 4.4e 4.4f 4.5 4.6 5.0 5.1 5.2 EXHIBIT A TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE INTRODUCTION. .................. ............. ........ ........ ........... 1 TREE COUNT AND COMPOSITION ..................................1 SUITABILITY FOR TREE PRESERVATION ....................... 2 PROJECT REVIEW.................... ............ ........ ....... .........2 Trees in Direct Conflict with Bridges ............................... 2 Trees that will be Severely Impacted ................................3 Trees Subject to Moderate Impacts.................................. 3 Discussion of Noteworthy Oaks... .......... ......... ............. ...3 Tree #536 ................. ... ............................ ....... ...3 Tree #516.................... ............................ ..........3 Trees #511 thru 514 .......................................................4 Tree #522.................... .... ..... ....... ......... .............4 Tree #523 .......................................................... 5 Tree #524 .......................................................... 6 Trees #528, 531 and 572 ...............................................6 Tree Landscape Design....... ....... ............. ............ ..........7 TREE PROTECTION GUIDELINES ................................... 7 Design Guidelines..... .......... ......... ...... ......... ...... ..... .....7 Protection Measures Before and During Development........ . . . 9 EXHIBIT TITLE PHOTOGRAPHS David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 1.0 INTRODUCTION I have been retained by the City of Dublin to [I] review the potential tree impacts associated with constructing two bridges I across Tassajara Creek for the future Wallis Ranch Development, [2] review the proposed "Project Tree Plan," and [3] present a "tree protection plan" for the Wallis Ranch Development. This report presents my analysis and recommendations. Documents reviewed for this report include the following: [I] an "Arborist Tree Assessment Report" prepared by Ralph Osterling Consultants, Inc., dated 8/24/06; [2] memorandum by H. T. Harvey & Associates, dated 9/25/06; [3] two plans of Sheet S-I, one for the North Bridge and the other for the South Bridge, prepared by Finn Design Group, Inc., dated 8/24/06; and [4] Sheet L2 (Project Tree Plan) by M.D. Fotheringham, stamp dated 8/30/06 by the City of Dublin. 2.0 TREE COUNT AND COMPOSITION There are 60 trees of six various species presented within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report" as being in close proximity to the proposed bridges. Their names, numbers and percentages are summarized in the following table: PERCENT NAME TREE NUMBER(S) COUNT OF TOTAL Box Elder 503 1 2% California Bay Tree 504 1 2% Cottonwood 515 1 2% Elderberry 503A, 551B, 551C 3 5% 505,506,511-514,516-519, Valley Oak 522-525,527,528,536,541- 38 65% 549,551,565-569,571-576 Willow 502,507-509,529,530-535, 16 25% 537,539,540, 550, 551A Total 60 100% 1 The bridges are proposed along the project's southern section, the northernmost bcing titled the "North Bridge" and the southernmost the "South Bridge." Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 1 of 12 David L Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 3.0 SUITABILITY FOR TREE PRESERVATION Based on my visual observations and information presented within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report," I have assigned a "high," "moderate" or "low" suitability for preservation rating to each tree as a method for cumulatively measuring and considering their physiological health, structural integrity, location, size and species. A description of these ratings with the assigned tree numbers are presented below and please note they are not intended to provision which trees are to be removed or remain. Also, note that the "high" category comprises 27 trees (or 45-percent), the "moderate" category 7 trees (or 12-percent), and the "low" category 26 trees (or 43-percent). Hil!h: Applies to trees #505-507, 511-514, 517-519, 523, 527, 536, 541-545, 547-549, 567, 568, 571, 573, 575 and 576. They have a high potential of providing long-term contribution to the site, appear in good health, and contain seemingly stable structures. These trees can be considered the most suitable for retention and protection. Moderate: Applies to trees #516, 528, 546, 565, 566, 569 and 574. They contribute to the site but not at seemingly significant levels. These trees are typically worthy of protection, however, not at the expense of major design revisions. Typically, their longevity and contribution is less than those of high suitability and more frequent care is needed during their remaining life span. Low: Applies to trees #502, 503, 503A, 504, 508, 509, 515, 522, 524, 525, 529-535, 537, 539, 540, 550, 551, 551A-C and 572 (dead). These trees are predisposed to a very short life-span and/or predisposed to irreparable health problems and/or structural defects that are expected to worsen regardless of measures employed. In many instances, they present a significant risk to the site, and/or are in poor, dying, fallen or dead condition. 4.0 PROJECT REVIEW 4.1 Trees in Direct Conflict with Bridges Eleven of the inventoried trees (or 18-percent) are in direct conflict with the future bridges and will require removal. They include #503A, 530-537, 551B and 551C. Of these, each but #536 is assigned a low suitability for preservation. Tree #536 is a healthy valley oak and discussion regarding its conflict is presented in Section 4.3a. Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road. Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 2 of J 2 David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 4.2 Trees that will be Severely Impacted An additional six trees (or 8-percent) would be severely impacted and become subjected to premature decline and instability. They include #503, 516, 522, 529, 539 and 540 and each is anticipated to be removed. Of these, each but #516 is assigned a low suitability for preservation. Tree #516 is assigned a moderate suitability and discussion regarding its condition and anticipated impacts are presented below in Section 4.3b. 4.3 Trees Subject to a Moderate Impacts There are an additional eight trees (or 13-percent) that would sustain a relatively moderate level of impacts. They include #502, 504, 528, 541-544 and 573. I am advised that the project's "Riparian Mitigation Plan" considers the removal of these trees, though I anticipate each will be retained as they are situated a sufficient distance from the proposed development activities. In the event trees #528, 541-544 and/or 573 are determined to require removal, I recommend a written request signed by the applicant/owner is submitted to the City for review and possible approval. As for trees #502, 504 and 529, I find their removal should be approved (without the need for review) due to their very poor condition. 4.4 Discussion of Noteworthy Oaks There are numerous large oak trees that will be affected by the proposed project at varying degrees, some of which are mentioned above. The specific trees and corresponding information are discussed within this section. Please note that the photographs referred to in this section can be viewed in Exhibit A and were obtained on 10/25/06. 4.4a Tree #536 (see photo 1, page A-I). This 22-inch diameter valley oak appears in excellent condition. It is situated within the middle of the southern bridge crossing, closest to the eastern approach of the southern bridge crossing, and, consequently, requires removal. In my opinion, this oak is the only valuable one that requires removal for the bridge crossings and its loss will not be significant when considering the vast amount of oaks and other trees throughout the site that will remain. 4.4b Tree #516 (see photo 2, page A-2) This very large, 38-inch diameter valley oak appears in overall fair condition. Its trunk is situated at the top edge of an estimated IS-foot tall, vertical creek bank. Due to soil erosion, a relatively substantial amount of exposed roots protrude beyond the bank. The creek bank immediately northeast of the trunk ascends an additional 10 feet high and has eroded inward from the trunk. Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 3 of 12 David L Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 My review of the proposed plans and survey stakes indicate the bridge will be constructed about three to four feet from the trunk and will require the removal of two southwest growing limbs with approximate diameters of 22 and 14 inches. These are sizeable limbs and account for approximately 35-percent of the canopy. I find this impact will not likely jeopardize the tree. I have been advised, however, that this tree will be removed for precautionary reasons, namely that it present a risk of causing damage to the bridge, such as if it were to uproot and wash downstream or if a major limb or limbs failed on top of the bridge. When considering the high vertical creek banks and extent of erosion that has occurred around and near its root zone, I find that the tree is currently at risk of uprooting in the foreseeable future, a risk that will increase overtime as erosion continues. Because the tree's failure can jeopardize the safety and structure of the bridge, I find its removal would comply with the City's Ordinance. 4.4c Trees #511 thru 514. These four trees surround the perimeter of the existing bench that will be used as a temporary access road during construction of the north bridge. Their respective trunk diameters are 31, 47, 28 and 39 inches, and each appears in overall good condition. Of them, #512 thru 514 will be affected during the operation of heavy equipment beneath their canopies and mitigation measures are specified within Section 5.0 of this report to minimize damage. 4.4d Tree #522 (see photos 3, 4 and 5; pages A-3 and A-4). This 43-inch diameter valley oak is situated on relatively flat terrain at about 14 feet south of the roadway leading to the north bridge. My observations reveal it to be in such poor and unsafe condition that it is beyond repair and should be immediately removed regardless of the proposed project (and the current residents and users of the property are advised of its risk). Reasons for this recommendation are as follows: . The tree partially uprooted sometime ago and additional uprooting, if not the failure of the entire tree, can occur at anytime. The most prominent signs identifying that uprooting has occurred include [I] the entire plane of the main trunk and canopy leaning towards the east at an approximate 30-degree angle (see photo 4), and [2] at the trunk's base, a large anchorage root opposite the lean is exposed and is distinctly higher than the trunk's opposing side. Wallis Ranch. Tassajara Road, Dublin City oj Dublin Planning Division Page 4 oj 12 David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 . The tree displays symptoms of being in a state of perpetual decline as evidenced by the sparse foliage throughout its canopy and poor shoot growth (see photo 3), foliage that represents less than half of what a healthy oak would contain. Based on my observations, I find that the tree is beyond repair and can be expected to continue declining. . Decay is prevalent in two major leaders of the canopy, one being approximately 22 inches in diameter and growing towards the east, and the other being the most central and upright leader with an approximate diameter of 16 inches. Combined, they account for an estimated 40-percent of the total canopy, a portion that would need to be removed in order to safely mitigate the risk of failure they present. Consequently, the removal of such a major portion of this tree's canopy would compromise its longevity at potentially significant levels. 4.4e Tree #523 (see photo 3, page A-3). This tree is a 35-inch diameter valley oak that appears in overall good to fair condition and is worthy of retention. It is situated a sufficient distance from the anticipated construction activities and its survival and protection can be expected. There are a few situations, however, that if left unattended, can predispose the tree to premature decline. One involves the grade being raised and compacted over its root zone, and thus, inhibiting the availability of oxygen and water to the roots. Remediation measures should be employed to promote healthy root growth and recommendations for doing so are presented in Section 5.0. Another situation involves a girdling root2 seen at the base of where the root collar3 was cleared. To minimize the risk that the root presents, additional excavation of the root collar is necessary to more fully expose the root and identify whether additional girdling roots exist. Following excavation, the situation should be evaluated by an individual certified by the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) and any necessary treatment measures prescribed and implemented. 2 A "girdling root" encircles others roots and/or the trunk and can lead to tree instability and/or decline. 3 Area at the base of a tree's trunk where the main trunk and anchorage (or scaffold roots) merge, often depicted by a distinct swelling. Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 5 of 12 David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20. 2006 4.4f Tree #524 (see photos 6 and 7, page A-5). This 31-inch diameter valley oak contains such extensive decay that large limbs and/or the entire tree can be expected to fail at any time. My visual assessment reveals more than 60-percent of the main trunk is decayed, while large cavities are present throughout the upper canopy. Based on this information, I recommend that this tree is also immediately removed for public safety purposes (and the current residents and users of the property are advised of its risk). I have reviewed the discussion and options within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report" regarding retaining this tree. Given the significant amount of residents and others that will be living and recreating in the vicinity; including children that will be unable to read any warning signs and can access the restricted area, it is my opinion that the most prudent course of action involves removing the tree. If desirable, portions of the tree could be relocated to other areas as discussed within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report." 4.5 Trees #528, 531 and 572 Tree #528 is a 15-inch diameter valley oak situated immediately adjacent to tree #527, a taller and more dominant tree (trees #527 and 528 grow so close together they can be regarded as a single tree). Its canopy grows nearly horizontal towards the direction of the bridge and then ascends more vertically when it extends beyond tree #528's canopy. Due to its growth, several branches will require pruning to achieve adequate clearance for the bridge. In doing so, and assuming the pruning is properly performed, I do not expect the tree to be adversely impacted and any immediate concern of its lean would be addressed. Tree #531 is a 17-inch diameter willow tree that has partially uprooted and will be removed to accommodate the southern bridge crossing. There is a typographical error within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report" identifying this tree as a valley oak; the future plans should indicate a willow. Tree #572 is a very large and dead valley oak that should be. removed for safety purposes given its proximity to the bridge. I estimate its trunk diameter to be about 37 inches; please note the 7-inch trunk diameter identified for this tree within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report" is a typographical error. Wallis Ranch. Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 6 of 12 David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 4.6 Tree Landscape Design Sheet L2 identifies that Raywood Ash (Fraxinus o. 'Raywood') would be installed as street trees within "Neighborhood 3." Unfortunately, this species of ash is extremely vulnerable to branch dieback (called "Ash Dieback") and has a very short life expectancy. As a result, I recommend Fraxinus a. 'Autumn Purple' be considered as an alternative. Regarding Coast live oaks and Valley oaks proposed for installation along Tassajara Road and east of the bridge crossings (outside the riparian zone), I recommend they are, at a minimum, of the larger size shown on Sheet L2 (i.e. 15-gallon for Coast live oaks and 24- inch box for Valley oaks). 5.0 TREE PROTECTION GUIDELINES The recommendations presented within this section should be carefully followed and incorporated into construction plans. They are based on plans reviewed and serve as guidelines to help mitigate impacts to trees being retained and achieve compliance with the City's Municipal Code. Please note that any or all recommendations are subject to revision upon reviewing any additional or revised plans. 5.1 Design Guidelines 1. Trenching beneath the trees' canopies should be avoided, to include, but not limited to, drainage purposes, underground utility/service installation, irrigation and landscape lighting. In the event this is not possible, the City should be consulted to review the situation and, if necessary to mitigate the impacts, recommend alternative installation methods. 2. Any footpaths or walkways beneath the trees' canopies should be established entirely on top of existing soil grade, including any edging or forms. If a vertical soil cut is needed, it should not exceed four inches below existing soil grade. I also suggest that compaction of the existing soil surface is avoided; the base material can be compacted but should not exceed 80-percent density. 3. The permanent and temporary drainage design for the project must not require water being discharged beneath or towards the trees' canopies (unless discharged into the Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road. Dublin City of Dublin, Planning Division Page 7 of 12 David L Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20. 2006 existing creek). In addition, the terrain should not be altered in a manner that directs stormwater runoff towards or beneath the trees' canopies. 4. The following should be incorporated into the final set of project plans, titled Sheet T-l (Tree Protection Instructions), and referenced on all site related plans: [I] Section 5.0 of this report and [2] the 'Tree Condition Chart' within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report." 5. Upon availability, the grading and drainage, underground utility, and future landscape plans (both planting and irrigation) should be reviewed for tree related impacts. 6. Pursuant to Section 5.60.100 of the City's Municipal Code, "the applicant shall guarantee the protection of the existing tree(s) on the site not approved for removal through placement of a cash bond or other security deposit in the amount based upon the valuation of the trees acceptable to the Director. The Director may refer to a city- selected arborist to estimate the value of the tree(s) in accordance with industry standards." For this project, I recommend the bond is collected prior to issuing permit and apply to the following oak trees with trunk diameters greater than 24 inches and in very close proximity to the proposed construction: #511-514 and 523. These appraised values can be provided upon request and shall adhere to the Guide for Plant Appraisal, 9th Edition, published by the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA), 2000. 7. I am advised that revegetation measures proposed by the applicant's project team to help minimize erosion along the creek banks have been verbally accepted by the applicable resources agencies. These measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of additional root exposure. 8. Native oaks should not be installed within or near a lawn setting (e.g. at least 10 feet away) or watered through spray irrigation. Rather, the trees should be watered using a drip or bubbler system placed on grade (and not in a sleeve) and in a manner that allows the rootball to be properly watered; two or more emitters may be necessary to accomplish this and the water should not be applied against the trunks. The irrigation system should also be separate from that which supplies water to plants and shrubs (due to water needs differing between trees and plants/shrubs). 9. The landscape design should incorporate the following additional guidelines regarding activity beneath the trees' canopies: Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 8 of 12 David L Babby. Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 a. Plant material, grasses, turf, irrigation lines and new trees should not be installed beneath a tree's canopy. b. Stones or mulch shall not be piled against the trunks of existing or new trees. Plastic ground cover should be avoided beneath canopies and mulch should not exceed a four-inch layer. c. Tilling beneath the canopies should be avoided, including for weed control. d. Bender board or other edging material proposed beneath the trees' canopies should be established on top of existing soil grade. 5.2 Protection Measures before, during and after Development 10. Prior to site demolition and clearing, a pre-construction meeting shall be held on-site with the project arborist, project manager and superintendent. The intent is to review trees being removed, work procedures, protection fencing locations, limits of grading, staging areas, routes of access (including mitigation for the temporary access road along trees #511-514), cleanout pits, mulching, watering, demolition work, and any other required protection measures. 11. Prior to the aforementioned meeting, the limits of grading and the edge of the temporary construction access road should be staked. 12. Tree protective fencing shall be installed prior to any demolition, grading, surface scraping or heavy equipment operating near trees. It shall restrict access beneath a tree's canopy and its placement shall be prescribed and authorized by the project arborist. The fencing must be maintained throughout development and at no time shall it be opened or relocated without City approval. Due to site topography, fencing materials will vary and consist of either [1] orange plastic fencing; [2] chain link panels; or [3] six-foot high chain link mounted on eight-foot tall, two-inch diameter steel posts that are driven 24 inches into the ground and spaced no more than 10 feet apart. Please note that the type of fencing materials and locations can be discussed, reviewed and agreed upon during an on-site meeting between H.T. Harvey & Associates, Ralph Osterling Consultants and the City. 13. Unless otherwise approved, all construction activities must be conducted outside the designated fenced areas (even after fencing is removed) and outside from beneath the canopies of trees identified or not identified within this report or the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report." These activities include, but are not limited to, the following: Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 90f 12 .----""-"- David L Habby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 demolition, grading, stripping of topsoil, trenching, equipment cleaning, stockpiling/dumping of materials, and equipment/vehicle operation and parking. 14. Demolition of the existing sheds and removal of boulders beneath the canopies of trees #523,525 and 5264 shall be performed at the direction of the project arborist. 15. Prior to the installation of protective fencing, I recommend the following items regarding tree #523 are implemented and all work performed under the direction of an ISA Certified Arborist: a. Prior to performing items b thru d below, the tree's root collar should be further excavated to expose the entire anchorage (scaffold) roots and girdling root(s); in doing so, I encourage a pneumatic air device (e.g. an Air-Spade@) is used to minimize root and trunk damage during process. The arborist should then examine the exposed area for possible infection by harmful root-rotting organisms and determine whether the girdling root(s) must be cut. b. Trenches of 4- to 6-inches wide, 14- to 16-inches deep shall be dug in a radial fashion from about three feet from the trunk to the perimeter of the canopy. The trenches should be spaced apart every 10 feet at the perimeter and backfilled with organic compost. c. A four-inch layer of coarse wood chips (such as '!.- to 'I.-inch in size) shall be manually spread and maintained (i.e. replenish as needed) beneath the canopy; the chips should be kept at least 12 inches from the trunk. d. Approximately 350 gallons of water should be supplied via a deep-root feeder and evenly distributed to the area beneath the tree's canopy. 16. Prior to demolition commencing, a four-inch layer of coarse wood chips should also be spread beneath the canopies of trees #525 and 526; the chips should remain at least 12 inches from the trunk. 17. The recommendations presented within line numbers 10 thru 13 of the 'Tree Condition Chart' (page 10 of the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report") for trees 511 thru 514 shall be implemented prior to equipment traveling along the construction access area. In doing so, I recommend the following: [1] the wood chip pile be at least 12 inches high and maintained throughout development, [2] chain link fencing is established at least 4 Tree #526 is not identified within the "Arborist Tree Assessment Report" but is situated immediately south of tree #525 and in close proximity to the existing shed. Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page J 0 of J 2 David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 six feet from their trunks, [3] straw wattles or bales placed against and on the outside of the fencing, and [4] steel plates are used. 18. Prior to issuing demolition or grading permits, a signed letter containing the following information should be prepared by the project arborist and faxed to the City's Planning Division: that protection fencing is established and recommendations prescribed for tree #523 (see item 15 of the previous page) have been implemented. I also recommend the fencing locations are delineated on a site plan and submitted to the City. 19. The project arborist should visit the site every month to verify compliance with tree protection measures and to provide ongoing recommendations as needed. Any significant findings or recommendations should be documented on a letter and a copy faxed to the City's Planning Division. 20. The project arborist shall also be retained to directly supervise development activities authorized within the designated fenced areas, and to prepare a comprehensive "final tree preservation report" following completion of the construction phase. A copy of the report should be submitted to the City and recommendations suggested within the report employed by the applicant or owner. 21. Unless otherwise authorized by the City, any authorized trenching or digging beneath a tree's canopy and 35 feet from tree #523's trunk shall be performed by hand or the use of handheld equipment. 22. Except for constructing support structures for the bridge, in which no significant roots of retained trees are expected, roots encountered with diameters of two inches and greater should be retained, protected, and reported to the project arborist. The retention or removal of the roots will be at the discretion of the arborist. 23. All existing leaf litter (mulch) inside the designated fenced areas should remain in place throughout development and beyond. Any new mulch material installed during landscaping should be placed on top. 24. Each recommendation within Section 5.1 of this report that pertains to site development shall also be followed. 25. Great care must be taken by equipment operators to position their equipment to avoid the trunks and branches of trees. Wallis Ranch, Tassajara Road, Dublin City of Dublin Planning Division Page 11 of 12 David L. Babby, Registered Consulting Arborist December 20, 2006 26. All ivy should be cleared off and away from the trees' trunks by at least two feet. The removal of ivy, plants or shrubs beneath a tree's canopy should be manually performed with great care taken to avoid excavating soil during the process. 27. Throughout construction during the months of May thru October, water should be supplied to trees impacted by development activities. The methodology, frequency and amounts should be prescribed by the project arborist. 28. The pruning and removal of trees shall be performed under the supervision of an ISA Certified Arborist. All pruning shall abide by ISA standards and be limited to the removal of deadwood one-inch and greater, encroachments, and reduction of heavy limb weight. 29. Existing trees overhanging any unfenced areas where individuals may walk or recreate should, prior to final inspection, be [I] evaluated by an ISA Certified Arborist and [2] pruned if deemed necessary to eliminate a potential hazard. 30. Any stump being removed beneath the canopy of a retained tree should occur using a stump grinder rather than being pulled up with an excavator. Please note that this recommendation is not intended to mandate the removal of any particular stump but merely to serve as a guideline to avoid causing unnecessary root damage to retained trees in the event a stump is removed. 31. To achieve the greatest assurance of proper installation, all new trees shall be installed, including necessary irrigation, by an experienced and knowledgeable state-licensed landscape contractor. The work shall be performed to professional industry standards. 32. All new trees shall be inspected by the City of Dublin to ensure they are suitable for long-term and stable growth and free of any obvious, abnormal defects. 33. The disposal of harmful products (such as chemicals, oil and gasoline) is prohibited beneath canopies or anywhere on site that allows drainage beneath or near canopies. 34. 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