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HomeMy WebLinkAbout7.1 Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond Reach Codes ReportCELEBRATING REVISED Agenda Item 7.1 STAFF REPORT CITY COUNCIL DUBLIN CAL I F O RN IA DATE: September 6, 2022 TO: Honorable Mayor and City Councilmembers FROM: Linda Smith, City Manager SUBJECT: Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond Reach Codes Report Prepared by: Shannan Young, Environmental & Sustainability Manager EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The City Council will receive a report on potential code options for three measures included in the City of Dublin's Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond. The three measures under consideration include Measure EE-1, Achieve All -Electric New Construction; Measure SM-1, Adopt an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Ordinance; and Measure MM-2, Reduce the Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissions Associated with Building Materials. STAFF RECOMMENDATION: Receive the report and provide direction on the three Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond measures. FINANCIAL IMPACT: There is no immediate impact to the General Fund. Depending on the direction received from City Council regarding the potential code options, there may be financial impacts associated with each specific future code adoption. Financial impact analyses will be included as part of any future City Council code adoption consideration. A discussion of the potential financial impacts to the community is included in the discussion below. DESCRIPTION: On September 15, 2020, the City Council approved Resolution 100-20 Adopting the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond (CAP 2030, Attachment 1). CAP 2030 includes five strategies with a total of 22 measures intended to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 and to put the City on the path to reach carbon neutrality by 2045. The five strategies are: Page 1 of 12 151 • Strategy 1- Renewable and Carbon Free Electricity (CF) • Strategy 2 - Building Efficiency and Electrification (EE) • Strategy 3 - Sustainable Mobility and Land Use (SM) • Strategy 4 - Materials and Waste Management (MM) • Strategy 5 - Municipal Leadership (ML) This report is about three CAP 2030 measures that intend to address GHG emissions associated with the built environment and transportation (Attachment 2). These are: • Measure EE-1: Achieve All -Electric New Building Construction • Measure SM-1: Adopt an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Ordinance • Measure MM-2: Reduce the Embodied GHG Emissions Associated with Building Materials Measure EE-1: Achieve All -Electric New Construction Adopt an all -electric building reach code for new construction to reduce natural gas use and limit the development of new gas infrastructure in the City of Dublin. Coupled with the communitywide 100% GHG-free energy achieved by implementing Measure CF-1, Opt -Up to 100% Renewable and Carbon -Free Electricity, all -electric new construction would result in homes and businesses that do not emit GHGs. The City Council adopted Resolution 04-21 Requesting East Bay Community Energy Enroll City of Dublin Residential Accounts in Renewable 100 as the Default Electricity Product on January 12, 2021 (Attachment 3). On April 5, 2022, the City Council adopted Resolution 28-22 Requesting East Bay Community Energy Enroll City of Dublin Non -Residential Accounts in Renewable 100 as the Default Electricity Product (Attachment 4). Community -wide enrollment in Renewable 100 will be complete by October 2022. The GHG emissions reduction potential with the implementation of Measure EE-1 in conjunction with Measure CF-1 is estimated to be 2,633 metric tons (MT) carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) by 2025 and 4,828 MT CO2e by 2030. Electrification Policy Types Options for building electrification in California can generally be broken into three categories: • All -Electric Municipal Ordinance. This option prohibits any gas hookups, with minimal exceptions, via municipal ordinance. The benefit of this option is that it is not tied to the building code and can be adopted indefinitely. The cons are that a municipal code may not cover buildings which have already received entitlements and there are uncertainties regarding potential legal challenges. • All -Electric Building Code. This option is a local amendment to Title 24 of the Page 2 of 12 152 California Building Code (CALGreen). The local amendment would be a Reach Code that requires all -electric appliances. Examples of potential exemptions include commercial cooking and industrial processes. The benefits of this approach are that it can be adopted as part of the current 2022 CALGreen building code update and that it may cover buildings that have received entitlements but have not had building permits issued. The con is that it must be re -adopted with every building code cycle. • Electric Preferred Building Code. This is the base code in the 2022 California Energy Code. The code allows for mixed -fuel buildings with higher energy performance, requires additional energy efficiency measures, pre -wiring for buildings to be electric - ready, and higher ventilation rates for gas stoves. If builders install gas appliances, they will be required to install the infrastructure for an electric appliance replacement. The pro for following the 2022 CALGreen building code is that Staff can adopt the code by reference. However, this option is not recommended since the base code may not reduce GHG emissions enough to achieve the CAP 2030 GHG emissions goals. In addition, the CAP 2030 serves as the City's qualified GHG Reduction Plan and programmatic tiering document for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) analyses of GHG emissions and climate change. The GHG emissions reduction analysis completed for the CAP 2030 anticipated an electrification ordinance. Allowing for mixed -fuel buildings would mean that the CAP 2030 could not be used for project streamlining. Cost of Electrification In most cases, all -electric buildings are less expensive to build. Cost savings are achieved from not having to run gas lines, having to install fewer appliances, and the time savings of avoided inspections and sign -off of gas meters by Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E). As an example, the cost for appliances in multifamily dwellings is less for all -electric appliances versus high efficiency gas appliances in all climate zones except climate zone 3 (Dublin is in Climate Zone 12). Figures 1 and 2 provide comparisons for upfront capital costs of appliances in all -electric homes versus mixed fuel homes. These cost savings are estimated to range from approximately $3,000 to $8,000 in climate zone 12. All electric homes typically experience lifecycle savings of $130 to $540 per year. Page 3 of 12 153 Figure 1. Capital Cost of High -Efficiency Appliances vs. Gas Alternatives in Single Family Home New Construction (Source: E3, Residential Building Electrification in California, 2019)* $25,000.00 $20,000,00 $15,000,00 $10,000.00 $5,000.00 S• d 11 C23 C24 C212 C26 C29 C210 ■AMI-Electric Horne ■ Mixed -Fuel Home *"CZ" means climate zone. Figure 2. Capital Cost of High -Efficiency Appliances vs. Gas Alternatives in Low Rise Multifamily New Construction (Source: E3, Residential Building Electrification in California, 2019.) $25,000.00 520,000 00 515,000 00 $10,000 00 $5,000.00 $- CZ3 d d CZ4 CZ12 CZ6 CZ9 C210 ■AII-Electric Home ill Mixed -Fuel Home Another study completed by Frontier Energy on cost-effectiveness of low rise residential new construction in 2019 showed that all -electric housing is expected to be between $3,361 and $6,171 cheaper to build on average and cost about $2,000 to $5,000 less to operate over 30 years compared to a mixed -fuel building. Availability of Electric Technologies It is an emerging trend that jurisdictions throughout California are adopting electrification ordinances. Staff polled cities with existing electrification codes to determine if builders would be able to acquire the electric appliances required by an all -electric code. The feedback received from Bay Area cities indicates that builders have not had issues, above and beyond Covid-19 supply chain issues, procuring all -electric appliances including induction cooktops/ranges, heat pump water heaters, or heat pump space heating/cooling appliances. Feedback indicated some developers and contractors lack familiarity regarding installing all - electric appliances. The Bay Area Regional Energy Network (BayREN) is addressing this knowledge gap by providing virtual training events for contractors. Examples of the training Page 4of12 154 include heat pump water heater training for contractors and implementing energy efficiency and electrification in multifamily buildings. Measure SM-1: Adopt an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Ordinance The City of Dublin will adopt an electric vehicle (EV) charging station ordinance for multifamily and commercial buildings to increase access to charging stations and promote the use of electric vehicles. Increasing access to reliable electric vehicle (EV) charging stations at home and at work are key components to increasing EV adoption. Lack of access to EV charging infrastructure at home, and particular at multifamily dwellings (MFDs), is a major hurdle to EV ownership for residents. Increasing the number of EV charging stations (EVCS) will help reduce range anxiety and increase EV ownership towards the CAP 2030 goal of 33% EV ownership by 2030. At this level of EV ownership, Dublin's GHG emissions would reduce by an estimated 26,288 MT CO2e by 2030. Measure SM-1 outlines an EVCS ordinance that would require all new commercial and MFDs make 25% of parking spaces be "EV Ready," and install Level 2 EVCS in 3% of stalls (or comparable amount of Direct Current Fast Chargers). Figure 3 illustrates the three levels of EV charging. Level 1 charging uses a standard 120-volt electrical outlet and typically takes between 20 and 43 hours to recharge a vehicle depending on the battery size. A Level 2 EVCS uses 208/240 volt chargers to fully charge vehicles in 4 to 8 hours. Direct Current Fast Chargers (DCFCs), also known as Level 3 chargers, use 480V 3-phase power and charge the typical EV in 30 minutes to one hour. Figure 3. Standard Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (image credit to Shradha Jadhav on Linkedln) novel 1 charging Voltage: 120V Charge Time: 3 - 5 miles per hour Locations: Home Level 2 charging Voltage: 240V Charge Time: 12 - 40 miles per hour Locations: Home, Public • Level 3 charging 19filitof Voltage: 480V Charge Time: 80% charge in 20-30 mins Locations: Public Page 5 of 12 155 CALGreen Building Code The 2022 CALGreen building code update includes new minimum and voluntary Tier 1 and Tier 2 EVCS requirements that meet or exceed the CAP 2030 requirements for MFD and commercial properties, as indicated in Tables 1 through 3 below. Shaded areas in the tables correspond to codes that meet or exceed the goals in the CAP 2030. Note the terminology in the CALGreen code does not match the terminology in the CAP 2030. The CAP 2030 definition of "EV Ready" is analogous to CALGreen's definition of "EV Capable" which includes installing panel capacity and conduit to the parking stalls. CALGreen code definitions are summarized in Figure 4. Tables 1 through 3 list the CAP EV Ready requirements under EV Capable to align CALGreen definitions. Dublin currently has adopted the 2019 CALGreen Tier 2 requirements. Those requirements are included in the tables for reference. Bay Area Reach Codes A consortium of organizations including East Bay Community Energy, Peninsula Clean Energy, Silicon Valley Clean Energy, the San Mateo County Office of Sustainability, the County of Santa Clara, and StopWaste developed a website and resources to assist cities with 2022 Building Electrification and EV Infrastructure Reach Code Initiatives. The goal of the consortium is to facilitate the reduction of GHG emissions in their service territories by developing forward -thinking reach codes. Template code language and other resources are provided on the website bayareareachcodes.org. The Bay Area Reach Codes model code has the advantage of pushing for higher levels of infrastructure relative to CALGreen. Considering that it is much more expensive to retrofit infrastructure, it is more cost effective to include as much infrastructure as possible during new construction. Pleasanton and Livermore staff have indicated that they will be bringing similar reach codes to those proposed in Tables 1 through 3 under the column header "Reach Codes" to their respective City Councils for consideration this Fall. Page 6 of 12 156 Figure 4. CALGreen EV Charging Definitions (image credit: Willdan Energy Solutions) Definitions EV Capable: Electrical panel capacity & conduit Install panel capacity and conduit (raceway) to accommodate the future build -out of EV charging with 208/240 V, 40-amp circuits. EV Ready: full circuit installed Full circuit installations include 208/240V, 40-amp panel capacity, raceway, wiring, receptacle, and overprotection devices sim.i.lar.to a dryer circuit. EV Installed: Installed EV charging station (EVSE) Level 2 EVCS requirements: 8.3KVa 208/240-volt, 40 ampere Low Power Level 2 Charging Receptacle: A 208/240 Volt 20- ampere minimum branch circuit and a receptacle for use by an EV driver to charge their electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle. GI tio* Multifamily Dwellings New Construction As shown in Table 1, the CALGreen base code meets and exceeds the CAP 2030 goals for MFDs with twenty or more units. Table 2 shows that only the Bay Area Reach Code meets the CAP 2030 goals for MFDs with less than 20 units. The Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD)'s "Justification Report: CEQA Thresholds for Evaluating the Significance of Climate Impacts From Land Use Projects and Plans" describes how the 2022 CALGreen base code requirements were established to meet anticipated EV charging demand through the year 2025. Base code requirements may not provide enough charging infrastructure given the higher EV adoption expected in the Bay Area and California. Consequently, the BAAQMD recommends using the CALGreen Tier 2 standards to evaluate whether new land use development projects meet their "fair share" of EV charging infrastructure in CEQA analyses. The Bay Area Reach Codes consortium recommends an even higher level of EV charging infrastructure at multifamily dwellings, aiming for 100% of the parking to include some level of EV charging infrastructure. Table 1. Multifamily Residential (20+ units) Codes Comparison for New Construction* 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 Reach Code EV Capable 20% 25% 10% - - 85% EV Ready - 25% 35% 40% - EVCS Installed** - 3% 5% 10% 15% 15% *The percentages in the columns are additive, not subsets of each other (i.e., the 2022 CALGreen base code will have a total of 30% electrified spaces with 5% EVCS installed plus 25% EV Ready). **All percentages are for Level 2 chargers, or for infrastructure capable of supporting Level 2 EVCS. Page 7 of 12 157 Table 2. Multifamily Residential (<20 units) Codes Comparison for New Construction* 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 Reach Code EV Capable 20% 25% 10% - - 85% EV Ready - 25% 35% 40% - EVCS Installed - 3% - - - 15%** *The percentages in the columns are additive, not subsets of each other (i.e., the 2022 CALGreen base code will have a total of 25% EV Ready plus 10% EV Capable). **All percentages are for Level 2 EVCS, or infrastructure capable of supporting Level 2 EVCS. Commercial New Construction Table 3 shows the code comparison for commercial new construction related to the CAP 2030 goals. As noted, all the codes except the 2022 CALGreen base code fulfill the CAP 2030 goals. Note that the commercial codes are not additive as they are with multifamily residential. As with the MFD tables, all percentages in Table 3 are for Level 2 EVCS, or infrastructure capable of supporting Level 2 EVCS. Table 3. Commercial Codes Comparison for New Construction* 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 Reach Code Office Hotel All Other EV Capable 20% 25% 20% 30% 45% 30% 10% 10% EV Ready - - - - - 25% - EVCS Installed ** - 3% 5% (25% of the 20%) 10% (33% of the 30%) 15% (33% of the 45%) 20% 5% 10% * All percentages are for Level 2 EVCS, or infrastructure capable of supporting Level 2 EVCS. **Percentages are not additive; instead they are a subset of the total spaces impacted. Single -Family New Construction and Existing Parking Lots The CALGreen building code and Bay Area Reach Codes also include requirements for single- family new construction and certain modifications to existing parking lots which go above and beyond Measure SM-1 in CAP 2030. The requirements are included in Tables 4 and 5 below for reference. Communication with Pleasanton and Livermore staff indicate that they are not considering Bay Area Reach Codes for existing parking lots. Page 8 of 12 158 Table 4. Single Family New Construction Codes Comparison 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 I Reach Code EV Capable 100% - All SF garages - - - EV Ready - - - All SF garages All SF garages All SF garages EVCS Installed - - - - - - Table 5. Existing Construction Codes Comparison Existing Parking Lots 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base Reach Code Multifamily - - If adding stalls or altering lighting/electrical systems, 10% of altered spots required to be EV capable. If adding stalls or altering lighting/electrical systems, 10% of altered spots required to be EVCS. Commercial - - - Costs of Installing EV Chargers and Equipment Multiple studies show it is cost effective to install EV charging infrastructure as part of new construction projects as opposed to retrofitting existing sites. In 2019, the California Air Resources Board found that adding an EV capable spot during nonresidential new construction projects costs between $870 to $960 per space, as opposed to $7,000 to $8,000 per parking space when retrofitting existing sites. An additional study completed by Peninsula Clean Energy (PCE) and Silicon Valley Clean Energy (SVCE) in 2019 also found installing EV infrastructure during new construction was cost effective compared to including EV infrastructure during retrofits for a variety of building types. Those study results are summarized in Table 6. Page 9 of 12 159 Table 6. PCE and SVCE November 2019 EV Infrastructure Cost Effectiveness Study Code Scenario Market Rate 25% Level 2/75% Level 1 Market Rate 25% Level 2/75% Level 1 Affordable Housing 10% Level 2/90% Level 1 Affordable Housing 10% Level 2/90% Level 1 Building Type New Construction Retrofit New Construction Retrofit 60 Unit MFD $1,410 $4,443 $1,049 $3,982 150 Unit MFD $1,197 $4,101 $1,002 $3,854 60 Unit Office Building $1,166 $3,232 N/A N/A Measure MM-2: Reduce the Embodied GHG Emissions Associated with Building Materials The City of Dublin will require the use of low carbon concrete in new construction projects to reduce lifecycle GHG emissions and the embodied carbon associated with construction projects. The embodied GHG emissions of a building are emissions generated by making and transporting materials to a building site, including mining, refining, and shipping. Cement production accounts for as much as 7% of global GHG emissions. Although the CAP 2030 does not quantify the lifecycle GHG emissions from the consumption of materials such as concrete, adopting a low carbon concrete building code would be a meaningful way of reducing GHG emissions associated with construction activities. There is a variety of ways cement makers can reduce the embodied carbon of their cements. Adding secondary cementitious materials (SCM) or more aggregate to cement mixtures can reduce GHG emissions. For instance, adding 10% SCM can reduce GHG emissions by about 10%. Low -carbon concrete must have minimum specified compressive strengths given the various applications. Adding SCM reduces the compressive strength of concrete, therefore it is important to ensure that the concrete specification applies a maximum ordinary Portland cement content to ensure compressive strength, while also meeting the maximum embodied carbon concentration. Despite the challenges, feasibility of working with low -carbon concrete is evidenced by the fact that the California Department of Transportation has been using low carbon concrete and has an authorized list of approved SCMs and blended cements available on their website. It was anticipated in Measure MM-2 that Staff would develop a low -carbon concrete building code based on the Marin County model ordinance. Staff has discovered that Marin County has adopted, but not yet enforced, a low -carbon concrete code that can serve as a basis for Dublin's code. Therefore, Staff proposes that the City develops template specifications that would be piloted on future City capital improvement projects before presenting a proposed low -carbon concrete building code to the City Council. Future capital improvement projects may include Wallis Ranch Community Park, Iron Horse Nature Park and Open Space, and Dublin Boulevard Extension. The advantage of conducting pilot projects would be that the Page 10 of 12 160 City would learn how to incorporate low -carbon concrete into projects and adjust the code as necessary based on direct experience prior to officially incorporating it into the building code. Staff is currently investigating local availability of the SCMs and cost to shift to low - carbon concrete. Thus far, feedback received is that it should be cost -neutral to incorporate SCMs. Conclusion The three building code measures included in CAP 2030 can meaningfully impact GHG emissions reductions and transform the way infrastructure in Dublin is built. Cities throughout the Bay Area, including Dublin's Tri-Valley neighbors Pleasanton and Livermore are considering similar building reach codes. An all -electric building or municipal code ordinance has the potential to reduce GHG emission by 4,828 MT CO2e by 2030 and has had support from Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) in municipalities that have already adopted electrification codes. An all -electric code has the additional potential benefit of streamlining the plan review and inspection process compared to the 2022 California Energy Code electric -preferred building code since gas infrastructure would be minimized or eliminated. An EVCS ordinance helps to set the stage for the transition to EVs that is mandated by the State of California. California will no longer allow the sale of traditional internal combustion engines as of 2035. State and local governments can facilitate the transition, ease range anxiety, and decrease the cost of the infrastructure required to support the huge increase in EVs by adopting an electrification ordinance. Requiring projects to specify low -carbon concrete in construction, while maintaining strength and durability standards, will help Dublin start working towards addressing lifecycle GHG emissions. Piloting projects with low carbon concrete on Dublin capital improvement projects first will demonstrate the continued municipal leadership Dublin has shown regarding implementation of the CAP 2030 and provide invaluable learning before introducing the low carbon concrete standards into the building code. Next Steps Based upon direction from City Council, Staff will conduct public outreach on the selected electrification and EV charger codes and subsequently bring the codes to the City Council for consideration later this calendar year. STRATEGIC PLAN INITIATIVE: Strategy 3: Infrastructure Maintenance and Reinvestment: Continue to Implement the CAP 2030. Objective E: Continue to implement measures identified in the Climate Action Plan. Page 11 of 12 161 NOTICING REQUIREMENTS/PUBLIC OUTREACH: The City Council Agenda was posted. ATTACHMENTS: 1) Resolution 100-20 Adopting the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond 2) Measures EE-1, SM-1, and MM-2 Excerpts from the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond 3) Resolution 04-21 Requesting East Bay Community Energy Enroll City of Dublin Residential Accounts in Renewable 100 as the Default Electricity Product 4) Resolution 28-22 Requesting East Bay Community Energy Enroll City of Dublin Non - Residential Accounts in Renewable 100 as the Default Electricity Product Page 12 of 12 162 Attachment I RESOLUTION NO. 100 - 20 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN ********* ADOPTING THE CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 2030 AND BEYOND WHEREAS, on November 16, 2010 the City Council adopted Resolution 167-10 approving the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan establishing greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction goals for 2020; and WHEREAS, under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) a city may prepare a qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan to evaluate a community's cumulative impact due to GHG emissions from future planned development; and WHEREAS, if a project is consistent with an adopted, qualified GHG Reduction Strategy or Climate Action Plan, the Strategy/Plan can be used as a basis for determining that the project would have a less than significant impact on a community's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA; and WHEREAS, on October 15, 2013 the City Council adopted Resolution 177-13 approving the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan Update to use as a basis for determining that a future project that was consistent with the adopted Climate Action Plan Update would have a less than significant impact on Dublin's cumulative GHG emissions under CEQA through 2020; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin is on track to meet the 2020 GHG reduction goals established by the Plans; and WHEREAS, in 2016, the California Legislature adopted Senate Bill (SB) 32 to extend the State's commitment to GHG emissions reductions by tightening the target to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030; and WHEREAS, in 2018, Governor Brown adopted Executive Order (EO) B-55-18 setting a Statewide goal of reaching carbon neutrality by no later than 2045; and WHEREAS, on December 17, 2019, the City Council provided consensus to align the City's future Climate Action Plan with both SB 32 and EO B-55-18 goals and consensus to proceed with the draft strategies and measures to achieve those goals; and WHEREAS, the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond establishes the following targets: 1. Reduce GHG emissions to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 2. Reach carbon neutrality by 2045; and WHEREAS, the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond contains 22 measures grouped into the five strategies listed below to reduce GHG emissions by roughly 73,000 metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent by 2030: 1. 100% Renewable and Carbon -Free Electricity 2. Building Efficiency and Electrification 3. Sustainable Mobility and Land Use Reso No. 100-20, Item 6.1, Adopted 09/15/2020 Page 1 of 2 163 4. Material and Waste Management 5. Municipal Leadership; and WHEREAS, the implementation of the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond will result in co -benefits in the following areas: economic growth, reduced traffic congestion, improved public health, healthier ecosystems, robust landscapes, carbon sequestration, enhanced resilience, equity and inclusion, community leadership and partnerships, and cutting -edge technologies; and WHEREAS, the City Council held a properly noticed public hearing on the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond and related Negative Declaration on September 15, 2020; and WHEREAS, the City Council did review and consider the Negative Declaration and the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond and all said reports, recommendations, and testimony herein and set forth prior to making its decision on the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Dublin does hereby approve and adopt the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond attached hereto as Exhibit A to the Resolution and authorizes Staff to make any non -substantive grammatical or editing changes in the final document. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 15th day of September 2020, by the following vote: AYES: Councilmembers Goel, Hernandez, Josey, Kumagai and Mayor Haubert NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: Mayor ATTEST: DocuSigned by: MA/0\1ULIrk e22'r4OA... City Clerk DocuSigned by: Reso No. 100-20, Item 6.1, Adopted 09/15/2020 Page 2 of 2 164 Attachment 2 Measure EE-1: Achieve All -Electric New Building Construction Adopt an all -electric building reach code for new construction to reduce natural gas use and limit the development of new gas infrastructure in the City of Dublin. Coupled with the communitywide 100% carbon -free energy of Measure CF-1, new building electrification results in homes and businesses that emit no GHGs. It is estimated that if an electric building reach code is not adopted, new construction would add over three million therms of natural gas use in Dublin by 2045. Developing all -electric buildings has been found to be less expensive to construct and operate in Dublin's climate zone compared to constructing residential and commercial buildings with both gas and electric utilities, especially when paired with solar photovoltaic and solar thermal installations, which are not yet mandatory under Title 24 of the California Building Code. In order to meet the long-term goal of carbon neutrality by 2045, the direct GHG emissions from natural gas will need to be phased out. Therefore, it is critical to limit new natural gas infrastructure and construct buildings today that are ready for tomorrow. dopt a new -building electrification ordinance in 2020. HG Emissions Reduction Potential T= Metric Tons; CO2e= carbon dioxide equivalents 165 cm oroueux CLIMATE ACTION PLAN DUBLIN CALIFORNIA Measure EE-1 Actions 1 Conduct outreach to the community as well as builders/developers to educate them on the proposed ordinance, the associated GHG emissions reductions, and cost benefits. 2 Draft a City Ordinance that favors all -electric new construction for City Council consideration. 3 Provide training to City staff on new electric preferred ordinance requirements. 4 Continue to evaluate cost effective opportunities to add additional building types into the electrification ordinance. Co -Benefits: LC/ a Community Cost: $ Cost effectiveness studies conducted for Dublin's climate zone show all -electric construction to be less expensive both in construction costs and operation over the lifetime of the buildings and will therefore save Dublin residents, businesses, and developers money in the short and long term.' City Cost: Staff time will be required for community outreach, reach code development, drafting an ordinance for City Council consideration, and implementation of the new ordinance. This work is estimated to cost between $7,000 and $10,0000. 1 https://localenergycodes.com/content/2019-local-energy-ordinances/ Benefits of All -Electric New Buildings All -electric new buildings can offer several advantages over traditional mixed fuel buildings. With advances in modern heat pump technologies, all -electric homes can be more cost-effective in both up -front construction costs and long-term operational costs compared to mixed fuel homes, allowing for lower cost housing to be developed in Dublin and improved housing equity'. A large portion of these cost savings comes from not having to install natural gas infrastructure in the home. All -electric new buildings can also be operated with no GHG emissions due to Measure CF-1 which brings 100% carbon -free electricity to Dublin. Electrification also provides health benefits. Research has identified that natural gas combustion and low indoor ventilation rates can cause significant health issues including asthma2. Homes that decide to include solar and battery storage can also operate without electricity distributed by the grid, providing the benefit of additional resilience. 2 https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ arrd.1984.129.3.366?joumalCode=arrd at ff Measure SM-1: Adopt an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Ordinance e0 The City of Dublin will adopt an electric vehicle (EV) charging station ordinance for multifamily and commercial buildings to increase access to charging stations and ,L` promote the use of electric vehicles. 7 1 • let 4 Art Aar Access to reliable electric vehicle charging stations at home and work are key components to facilitate the purchase of EV over gas vehicles. Lack of home access to EV charging infrastructure in multifamily buildings is a major hurdle to EV ownership. An EV charging station ordinance will ensure that access to EV charging stations will be available to all those living, working, or visiting the City of Dublin. Increased access to EV chargers will reduce range anxiety and encourage a shift to EV ownership at a rate that achieves the goal of 33% EV ownership in Dublin by 2030. To facilitate this increase in electric vehicle use, the City will adopt an electric vehicle charging station ordinance. The ordinance will require all new commercial and multifamily buildings to ensure 25% of parking spaces be "EV Ready" (conduit and electrical panel capacity installed), with 3% parking required to have installed and operable Level 2 EV charging stations or a comparable level of service provided by DC Fast Charging or other technology as appropriate. Key Target Metrics dopt an EV Charger Ordinance in 2021 12% EV ownership by 2025 33% EV ownership by 2030 GHG Emissions Reduction Potential ,537 MT CO2e by 2025 ,288 MT CO2e by 2030 = Metric Tons; CO2e= carbon dioxide equivalents • 167 1 CITY or oueux CLIMATE ACTION PLAN s�s DUBLIN CALIFORNIA Measure SM-1 Actions 1 Conduct outreach to the community as well as builders/developers about the ordinance. 2 Draft an updated City ordinance that requires all new commercial and multifamily buildings to include 25% of parking spaces as "EV Ready" (conduit and electrical panel capacity installed), with 3% parking required to have installed operable Level 2 EV charging stations or a comparable level of service provided by DC Fast Charging or other technology as appropriate. 3 Provide training to permit counter and building code staff on the updated new building EV charging station requirements. 4 Provide education as needed to builders and developers on the requirements of the ordinance. 5 Track progress including the number of chargers installed and the percent of EV's in Dublin through the Department of Motor Vehicles web site. Co -Benefits: 1 Community Cost: S S While the EV Infrastructure Ordinance will increase construction costs by $400 or more per space, overall costs for EV charging station installation will save money compared to the cost of retrofits. The ordinance will also ensure more individuals can have access to the benefits of an EV. City Cost: » S Staff time to develop and implement an EV charging station ordinance is expected to cost $8,000-$14,000 in one-time staff costs. 1 https://fremont.gov/DocumentCenter/View/31450/PEV- Infrastructure-Cost-Effectiveness-Report_Energy- Solutions July-2016 Benefits of Increasing Community EV Use Installation of EV charging station infrastructure during building construction can save up to $5,500 for two parking spaces.' While installation of EV charging stations with new construction costs approximately $400 per parking spot, retrofit projects can cost upwards of $2,700 per space. Therefore, including charging infrastructure as part of new construction projects will lead to significant long-term savings of up to 76%.' Without charging infrastructure in multifamily homes, residents are limited in their ability to own an electric vehicle. While this ordinance may lead to increased construction costs by a small percentage, the long-term savings to Dublin residents are considerable. Installing infrastructure with new construction will ensure homes and businesses will not need as many retrofits in the future and that charging stations are available to both renters and homeowners. Electric vehicles result in no local air emissions, are quiet, and have lower lifecycle GHG emissions and costs compared to internal combustion engines.2 EVs will also help improve air quality both at the building site and throughout Dublin. Thus, lower vehicle emissions mean improved health as well as reduced costs for the community.' 2 http://fsec.ucf.edu/en/publications/pdf/fsec-cr-2053-17.pdf 3 https://www.epa.gov/mobile-source-pollution/research- health-effects-exposure-risk-mobile-source-pollution 1 46 Measure MM-2: Reduce the Embodied G Emissions Associated with Building Materials The City of Dublin will require the use of low carbon concrete in new construction projects to reduce lifecycle GHG emissions and the embodied carbon associated with construction projects. Although this Climate Action Plan does not quantify the lifecycle GHG emissions from the consumption of materials, the City recognizes the growing science on embodied GHG emissions in the built environment. The "embodied emissions" of a building are emissions of carbon dioxide or other GHGs generated by making and transporting materials to a building site, including mining, refining, and shipping. Globally, embodied emissions account for 11% of a building's lifecycle emissions'. The concrete industry is a major producer of carbon dioxide in the world, resulting in approximately 7% of worldwide GHG emissions. New technologies that replace cement with alternatives such as fly ash or carbon absorbing particles can reduce embodied GHG emissions by up to 50%.2 Requiring projects to specify low carbon concrete in their projects, while maintaining required strength and durability standards, will help the community work towards addressing lifecycle GHG emissions and make an ever -larger impact on global CO2e emissions. Although this measure will reduce GHG emissions, it is difficult to quantify and is not currently included in the State GHG inventory. Therefore, this measure is considered supportive. ' http://www.carbonleadershipforum.org/about/why-embodied-carbon/ 2 https://materialspalette.org/concrete/ Key Target Metrics dopt an ordinance mandating low carbon concrete for all new evelopment projects by 2023 GHG Reduction Potential pportive t • 169 CITY or oueux CLIMATE ACTION PLAN s�s DUBLIN CALIFORNIA Measure MM-2 Actions 1 Conduct outreach to the development community regarding low carbon concrete using the Bay Area Low Carbon Concrete Codes Project. 2 Present a low carbon concrete ordinance to City Council based on the Marin County model ordinance with specifications for residential and non-residential development applications. 3 Educate City staff, and the development community on the new reach code requirements. 4 Keep current on new model ordinances that identify other building materials to target for additional embodied carbon reductions. Co -Benefits: jell Y. Community Cost: Low carbon concrete is approximately equal in cost to standard high carbon concrete due to a currently available significant local supply of fly ash in the Bay Area. City Cost: Staff time will be required to update the City of Dublin Building Code and implement the new requirements. A low carbon concrete building code update can be modeled off the work done by Marin County under a grant from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. Costs for staff time is estimate at $10,000- $15,000. 4 https://materialspalette.org/concrete/ Benefits of Reducing Embodied Emissions Associated with Concrete Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world and contributes the most lifecycle GHG emissions of any single building material, resulting in approximately 7% of global GHG emissions.' New technologies allow concrete to be produced with less cement (the binding agent in concrete) while maintaining strength and durability. Some additives can even help sequester more carbon during the curing process. By adopting these requirements, the City of Dublin will join a list of pioneering cities working to address lifecycle GHG emissions and embodied carbons. Based on data provided by the Marin County low carbon concrete ordinance, the use of low carbon concrete is expected to be cost competitive with traditional concrete in the Bay Area. 5 https://www.marincounty.org/depts/cd/divisions/sustainability/low- carbon-concrete-project Attachment 3 RESOLUTION NO. 04 — 21 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN REQUESTING EAST BAY COMMUNITY ENERGY ENROLL CITY OF DUBLIN RESIDENTIAL ACCOUNTS IN RENEWABLE 100 AS THE DEFAULT ELECTRICITY PRODUCT WHEREAS, the City of Dublin has been a leader in the fight against climate change, having adopted its first Climate Action Plan in 2010 with an update in 2013, with the goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020; and WHEREAS, on September 15, 2020, the City Council of the City of Dublin adopted the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond that includes a goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 to align with California Senate Bill 32 and to put the City on a path to reach carbon neutrality by 2045; and WHEREAS, Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond identifies renewable and carbon -free electricity as the biggest opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions within the City of Dublin; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin's electricity provider, East Bay Community Energy (EBCE), offers a 100% carbon -free and 100% renewable electricity product called Renewable 100; and WHEREAS, enrolling residential accounts in the Renewable 100 carbon -free electricity option is the most cost-effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Dublin and would cost the average homeowner approximately four dollars per month more than current electricity rates; and WHEREAS, residential accounts on California Alternate Rates for Energy (CARE), Family Electric Rate Assistance (FERA), and medical baseline accounts will remain on the current default electric power product, EBCE's Bright Choice power product, offered at a slight discount compared to Pacific Gas & Electric's (PG&E) standard product; and WHEREAS, the City of Dublin and EBCE will reach out to commercial, industrial, and institutional customers to encourage opting -up to the Renewable 100 power portfolio and the City of Dublin intends to re-evaluate Renewable 100 as the default product for these customers within the next year; and WHEREAS, residential customers in the City of Dublin would retain the option to "opt down" to an electric power portfolio with a lower percentage of carbon -free electricity or "opt out" to PG&E's electricity; and Reso. No. 04-21, Item 7.1, Adopted 1/12/21 Page 1 of 2 171 WHEREAS, establishing a renewable and carbon -free default electricity product for residential customers would allow Dublin to showcase its environmental leadership and demonstrate efforts to create a sustainable community in line with the goals of Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the City Council of the City of Dublin does request that East Bay Community Energy hereby enroll the City of Dublin in the Renewable 100 electric power portfolio as the default electricity product for all residential accounts, except for CARE, FERA, and medical baseline accounts which would remain on the Bright Choice electric power portfolio. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Dublin requests that the EBCE Board consider Dublin's Renewable 100 default power portfolio request at the earliest possible upcoming EBCE Board Meeting. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 12th day of January 2021, by the following vote: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: Councilmembers Hu, Josey, Kumagai, McCorriston and Mayor Hernandez I/nl�oC1E$eTLy: OtAkfivoLv v V U nnn�n:�SD.22F413A... City Clerk .-DocuSigned by: -97C94F7A46A8461... Mayor Reso. No. 04-21, Item 7.1, Adopted 1/12/21 Page 2 of 2 172 Attachment 4 RESOLUTION NO. 28 — 22 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN REQUESTING EAST BAY COMMUNITY ENERGY ENROLL CITY OF DUBLIN NON-RESIDENTIAL ACCOUNTS IN RENEWABLE 100 AS THE DEFAULT ELECTRICITY PRODUCT WHEREAS, the City of Dublin has been a leader in the fight against climate change, having adopted its first Climate Action Plan in 2010 with an update in 2013, with the goal to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 1990 levels by 2020; and WHEREAS, on September 15, 2020, the City Council adopted the City of Dublin Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond (CAP 2030) which includes goals to reduce GHG emissions by 40% below 1990 levels by 2030 and to put the City on a path to reach carbon neutrality by 2045; and WHEREAS, CAP 2030 identifies renewable and carbon -free electricity as the biggest opportunity to reduce GHG emissions within the City of Dublin; and WHEREAS, the City's electricity provider, East Bay Community Energy (EBCE), offers a 100% carbon -free and 100% renewable electricity product called Renewable 100; and WHEREAS, residential accounts were enrolled in Renewable 100 beginning January 1, 2022, reducing GHG emissions in Dublin by approximately 28%; and WHEREAS, enrolling non-residential accounts in Renewable 100 has the potential to reduce GHG emissions in Dublin by an additional 25%; and WHEREAS, non-residential accountholders in the City would retain the option to opt down to EBCE's discounted power portfolio, Bright Choice, which offers a lower percentage of carbon -free electricity, or opt out to electricity provided by Pacific Gas & Electric; and WHEREAS, establishing Renewable 100 as the default electricity for both residential and non- residential accounts would allow Dublin to showcase its continued environmental leadership and demonstrate efforts to create a sustainable community in line with the goals of CAP 2030. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Dublin does request that EBCE hereby enroll the City of Dublin in the Renewable 100 electric power portfolio as the default electricity product for all non-residential accounts in the City. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Dublin requests that the EBCE Board consider Dublin's Renewable 100 default power portfolio request at the earliest possible upcoming EBCE Board Meeting. {Signatures on the following page} Reso. No. 28-22, Item 4.6, Adopted 04/05/2022 Page 1 of 2 173 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED this 5th day of April 2022, by the following vote: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: Councilmembers Hu, Josey, Kumagai, McCorriston, and Mayor Hernandez c—D�ocu//Signed by: ' 1— 4r7A46A8461... ATTEST: DocuSigned by: l�l owP(i,r 114, titytle°r F40A.. Reso. No. 28-22, Item 4.6, Adopted 04/05/2022 Page 2 of 2 174 1/ DUBLIN CALIFORNIA Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond Reach Codes Report September 6, 2022 175 Outline • Overview of the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond. • Measure EE-1: Achieve All -Electric New Construction • Measure SM-1: Adopt an Klectric Vehicle Charging Station Ordinance • Measure MM-2: Reduce the hmbodied Greenhouse Gas (GHG) I -missions Associated with Building Materials Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond CITY OF DUBLIN CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 2030 AND BEYOND Building Thriving and Resilient Neighborhoods forAll September 2020 • Five strategies in the Climate Action Plan 2030 and Beyond (CAP 2030): — Renewable and Carbon Free Electricity (CF) — Building Efficiency and Electrification (EE) Sustainable Mobility and Land Use (SM) — Materials and Waste Management (_MM) — Municipal Leadership (ML) Measure EE- I Measure EE-1: Achieve All -Electric New Building Construction Adopt an all -electric building reach code for new construction to reduce natural gas use and limit the development of new gas infrastructure in the City of Dublin. "to, - Coupled with the communitywide 100% carbon -free energy of Measure CF-1, new building electrification results in homes and businesses that emit no GHGs. It is estimated that if an electric building reach code is not adopted, new construction would add over three million therms of natural gas use in Dublin by 2045. Developing all -electric buildings has been found to be less expensive to construct and operate in Dublin's climate zone compared to constructing residential and commercial buildings with both gas and electric utilities, especially when paned with solar photovoltaic and solar thermal installations, which are not vet mandatory under Title 24 of the California Building Code. In order to meet the long-term goal of carbon neutrality by 2045, the direct GHG emissions from natural gas will need to be phased out. Therefore, it is critical to limit new natural gas infrastructure and construct buildings today that are ready for tomorrow. Key Target Metrics Adopt a new -building electrification ordinance in 2020. GHG Emissions Reduction Potential 2,633 MT CON. by 2025 4,828 MT COre by 2030 Mack. C.aR-coo diozule • Implementing Measure EE-1 plus Measure CF-1, Opt -up to 100% Renewable and Carbon - Free Electricity, would result in buildings that do not emit GHGs. • GHG emissions reduction potential is estimated to be 2,633 metric tons (M'I) carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) by 2025 and 4,828 MT CO2e by 2030. All -Electric Municipal Ordinance All -Electric Municipal Ordinance would prohibit gas hookups via municipal ordinance. • Pro: Can be adopted indefinitely since it is not tied to the building code. • Con: May not cover buildings which have already received entitlements. • Con: There are uncertainties regarding potential legal challenges. All -Electric Building Code All -Electric Building Code is a local amendment to Title 24 of the California Building Code (CALGreen) that would require electric appliances. • Pro: Can be adopted as part of the 2022 CALGreen building code update. • Pro: May cover buildings that have received entitlements. • Con: Must be re -adopted with every building code cycle. Electric Preferred Building Code Electric -Preferred Building Code. This is the base code in the 2022 California Energy Code. Allows for mixed -fuel buildings with higher energy performance and pre -wiring for electric -ready buildings. • Pro: 2022 CALGreen building code can be adopted by reference. • Con: May not reduce GHG emissions enough to meet the CAP 2030 goals. • Con: The CAP 2030 could not be used for CEQA streamlining. Cost of Electrification Figure 1. Capital Cost of High -Efficiency Appliances vs. Gas Alternatives in Single Family Home New Construction (Source: E3, Residential Building Electrification cation in California, 2019) * $25,000.00 $20, 000.00 $15,000.CO $10,000.00 $5,000.00 $- CZ3 CZ4 C212 CZb CZ9 CZ10 ■ All -Electric Home ■ Mixed -Fuel Home *"CZ" means climate zone. Cost of Electrification Figure 2. Capital Cost of High -Efficiency Appliances vs. Gas Alternatives in Low Rise Multifamily New Construction (Source: E3, Residential Building Electrification in California, 2019.) $25,000.00 $20,000.00 515,000.00 $10,000.00 55,000.00 $- IIIiIiiI1III CZ3 C24 CZ12 ■AJI-Electric Home ■Mixed-Fuek Home CZ9 C210 Availability of Electric Technologies • All -electric appliances are available to local builders. — Induction cooktops/ranges, heat pump water heaters, heat pump space heating/cooling appliances. • Some developers and contractors lack familiarity with installing all -electric appliances. — Bay Area Regional Energy Network is providing training events to address the knowledge gap. Measure SM-I Measure SM-1: Adopt an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Ordinance The City of Dublin will adopt an electric vehicle (EV) charging station ordinance for multifamily and commercial buildings to increase access to charging stations and promote the use of electric vehicles. Access to reliable electric vehicle charging stations at home and work are key components to facilitate the purchase of EV over gas vehicles. Lack of home access to EV charging infrastructure in multifamily buildings is a major hurdle to EV ownership. An EV charging station ordinance will ensure that access to EV charging stations will be available to all those living, working, or visiting the City of Dublin. Increased access to EV chargers will reduce range anxiety and encourage a shift to EV ownership at a rate that achieves the goal of 33% EV ownership in Dublin by 2030. To facilitate this increase in electric vehicle use, the City will adopt an electric vehicle charging station ordinance. The ordinance will require all new commercial and multifamily buildings to ensure 25 % of parking spaces be "EV Ready" (conduit and electrical panel capacity installed), with 3% parking required to have installed and operable Level 2 EV charging stations or a comparable level of service provided by DC Fast Charging or other technology as appropriate. Key Target Metrics Adopt an EV Charger Ordinance in 2021 12% EV ownership by 2025 33% EV ownership by 2030 GHG Emissions Reduction Potential 8,537 MT COze by 2025 26,288 MT CO2e by 2030 ■ • CAP 2030 goal is for 33% of vehicles in Dublin to be electric vehicles (EV) by 2030. • This would result in a reduction of approximately 26,288 MT CO2e by 2030. Measure SM-I • CAP 2030 target is 25% parking spaces "EV Ready." — Panel capacity and conduit installed. • 3% of stalls have installed Level 2 chargers, or comparable amount of Direct Current Fast Chargers. Figure 3. Standard Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (image credit to Shradha Jadhav on Linkedln) Level 1 chargiri Voltage: 120V Charge Time: 3 - 5 miles per hour Locations: Home 1 Level 2 cha Voltage: 240V Charge Time: 12 - 40 miles per hour Locations: Home, Public v el 3 charging irsiitia Voltage: 480V Charge Time: 80% charge in 20-30 mins Locations: Public 2022 CALGreen Building Code • 2022 CALGreen building code includes new minimum and voluntary Tier 1 and Tier 2 EV charging station requirements. • CAP 2030 definition of "EV Ready" is analogous to the CALGreen definition of "EV Capable." • Tables shown later in presentation are CALGreen definitions. Bay Area Reach Codes • Consortium of organizations including: — East Bay Community Energy (BCE) — Peninsula Clean Energy (PCE) — Silicon Valley Clean Energy (SVCE) — San Mateo County Office of Sustainability — County of Santa Clara — StopWaste • Developed template code language and other resources which are provided on the bayareareachcodes.org web site. Multifamily Residential (20+ Units) Table 1. Multifamily Residential (20+ units) Codes Comparison for New Construction* 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Ease 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 Reach Code EV Capable 20% 25% 10% - - 85% EV Ready - 25% 35% 40°u - EVCS Installed** - 3 % 5% 10 % 15% 15% *The percentages in the columns are additive, not subsets of each other (i.e., the 2022 CALGrcen base code will have a total of 30% electrified spaces with 5% EVCS installed plus 25% EV Ready). **A11 percentages are for Level 2 chargers, or for infrastructure capable of supporting Level 2 EVCS. EV Capable: Electrical panel capacity and conduit installed for future build out of Level 2 Chargers. EV Ready: Full circuit installed (Level 2 panel capacity, conduit, wiring, receptacle and overprotection devices similar to a dryer circuit). Multifamily Residential (<20 Units) Table 2. Multifamily Residential (<20 units) Codes Comparison for New Construction* 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 Reach Code EV Capable 20% 25% 10 - - 85% EV Ready - 25h 35% 40% - EVCS Installed - 3% - - - 15%** *The percentages in the columns are additive, not subsets of each other (i.e., the 2022 CALGrcen base code will have a total of 25% EV Ready plus 10% EV Capable). **All percentages arc for Level 2 EVCS, or infrastructure capable of supporting Level 2 EVCS. EV Capable: Electrical panel capacity and conduit installed for future build out of Level 2 Chargers. EV Ready: Full circuit installed (Level 2 panel capacity, conduit, wiring, receptacle and overprotection devices similar to a dryer circuit). Commercial Table 3. Commercial Codes Comparison for New Construction* 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 Reach Code Office Hotel All Other EV Capable 20% 25% 20% 30% 45% 30% 10% 10% EV Ready - - - - - 25% - EVCS Installed - 3% 5% (25°. of the 20%) 10°A (33% of the 30%) 15°A (33% of the 45°. ) 20% 5% 10% * All percentages are for Level 2 EVCS, or infrastructure capable of supporting Level 2 EVCS. **percentages are not additive; instead they are a subset of the total spaces impacted. EV Capable: Electrical panel capacity and conduit installed for future build out of Level 2 Chargers. EV Ready: Full circuit installed (Level 2 panel capacity, conduit, wiring, receptacle and overprotection devices similar to a dryer circuit). Single Family and Existing Construction Table 4. Single Family New Construction Codes Comparison 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base 2022 Tier 1 2022 Tier 2 Reach Code EV Capable 100% - A11 SF garages - - - EV Ready - - - All SF garages All SF garages All SF garages EVCS Installed - - - - - - Table 5. Existing Construction Codes Comparison Existing Parking Lots 2019 Tier 2 Code (Adopted) CAP 2030 2022 Base Reach Code Multifamily - - If adding stalls or altering lighting/electrical systems, 10% of altered spots required to be EV capable. If adding stalls or altering lighting/electrical systems, 10% of altered spots required to be EVCS. Commercial - - - Costs of Installing EV Chargers • 2019 California Air Resources Board Study — New construction: $870 - $960 per space — Existing construction: $7,000 - $8,000 per space Table 6. PCE and SVCE November 2019 EV Infrastructure Cost Effectiveness Study Code Scenario Market Rate 25% Level 2/75% Level 1 Market Rate 25% Level 2/75% Level 1 Affordable Housing 10% Level 2/90% Level1 Affordable Housing 10% Level 2/90% Level 1 Building Type New Construction Retrofit New Construction Retrofit 60 Unit MFD S1,410 $4,443 $1,049 S3,982 150 Unit MFD S1,197 $4,101 $1,002 S3,854 60 Unit Office Building S1,166 $3,232 N/A N/A Measure MM-2 Measure MM-2: Reduce the Embodied GHG Emissions Associated with Building Materials The City of Dublin will require the use of lore carbon concrete ni new construction projects to reduce lifecycle GHG emissions and the embodied carbon associated with construction projects. Although this Climate Action Plan does not quantify the lifecycle GHG emissions from the consumption of materials, the City recognizes the growing science on embodied GHG emissions in the built environment. The "embodied emissions" of a building are emissions of carbon dioxide or other GHGs generated by making and transporting materials to a building site, including mining, refining, and shipping. Globally, embodied emissions account for 11% of a building's lifecycle emissions[. The concrete industry is a major producer of carbon dioxide in the world, resulting in approximately 7% of worldwide GHG emissions. New technologies that replace cement with alternatives such as fly ash or carbon absorbing particles can reduce embodied GHG emissions by up to 50% 2 Requiring projects to specify low carbon concrete in their projects, while maintaining required strength and durability standards, will help the community work towards addressing lifecycle GHG emissions and make an ever -larger impact on global COze emissions. Although this measure will reduce GHG emissions, it is difficult to quantify and is not currently included in the State GHG inventory. Therefore, this measure is considered supportive. http://www.carbodeadecshipfotum.org/about/why-embodied-carboy/ % https://materialspalette.org/concrete/ Key Target Metrics Adopt an ordinance mandating low carbon concrete for all development projects by 2023 GHG Reduction Potential sportive • Cement production accounts for as much as 7% of global GHG emissions. • Embodied carbon in cement can be reduced through addition of secondary cementitious materials. • Pilot specifications first. Conclusion • All -electric building or municipal code could reduce GHG emissions and has had support from Pacific Gas & Electric. The code could help streamline plan review and inspection. • EV charging station ordinance sets the stage for the transition to EVs mandated by the State. • Low carbon concrete code would help Dublin start working towards addressing life cycle GHG emissions. Next Steps • Based upon direction from City Council, Staff will conduct public outreach on the selected electrification and KV charger codes and subsequently bring the codes to City Council for consideration later this calendar year.