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CITY OF DUBLIN
AGENDA STATEMENT
CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE: November 26, 1990
SUBJECT: Preparation of Integrated Waste Management Plan
(Prepared by: Paul S. Rankin, Assistant City
manager)
EXHIBITS ATTACHED: Exhibit 1 : Technical Proposal dated 9/10/90 and
Submitted by Brown and Caldwell
Exhibit 2: Letter dated November 9, 1990
Regarding Preparation of Source
Reduction and Recycling Element
(SRRE)
RECOMMENDATION: Receive Report and Direct Staff to pursue the
preparation of the SRRE as a joint effort funded by
the Alameda County Waste Management Authority.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT: Alameda County Waste Management Authority has
already budgeted $500, 000 to prepare the
Baseline Plan. The Authority has recently
proposed to fund the preparation of local
Source Reduction and Recycling Elements (SRRE) ,
provided that an adequate number of agencies
respond by December 10, 1990. The cost of
preparing all SRREs is estimated at $742, 000.
The Authority generates revenue through tipping
fees levied at the landfill. These fees will
be ultimately borne by the garbage customer.
DESCRIPTION: On January 1 , 1990 AB 939 became effective. This
law is referred to as the Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989. The
City Council has previously reviewed requirements of the Act which
mandate cities to reduce the amount of garbage placed in the landfill by
25% in the year 1995. A 50% reduction is mandated by the year 2000.
The law contains penalties of up to $10, 000 per day for cities which do
not meet these requirements.
A key element of this law is the requirement for detailed planning
documents which must be prepared by both the City and the County. The
Alameda County Waste Management Authority (ACWMA) has assumed the lead
role in preparing the countywide information. The Authority selected
the firm of Brown and Caldwell to prepare baseline information. The
study will also analyze certain regional opportunities to address a
reduction in the volume of garbage placed in the landfill.
BASELINE PLAN
Exhibit 1 contains an excerpt from the proposal presented by the
Authority Consultant. The proposed scope of work generally follows the
requirements of AB 939 and responds to a scope of work identified by a
committee consisting of a Staff member from each agency represented by
the Authority. Although the Baseline Plan will generate data on a
countywide basis, the consultant will also be responsible for modeling
the information to reflect what is occurring in each City.
ELEMENTS OF THE BASELINE PLAN
The following elements will be specifically addressed in the baseline
plan:
1 . Residential Waste Generation Analysis:
This involves the identification of all waste generated including
material which may be recycled or used for composting. The
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COPIES TO:
ITEM NO. 40 J'i'& 9/o 0
i
consultant will use existing demographic data, surveys, and
sampling to develop this information.
2. Commercial and Industrial Generator Analysis:
This will involve a written survey, photographic sampling, and
field verification sampling to estimate the waste generated by
these sectors.
3. Special Waste:
AB 939 requires that the analysis review items such as: wastewater
sludge, demolition debris, auto bodies, etc. Typically, these
items are not normally found in the waste stream of
commerical/industrial facilities. The consultant will define
volumes which would occur in these categories.
4. Waste Diversion Study:
The City is able to receive credit for any waste that is currently
diverted from the landfill. For example, the data from the City's
Curbside Recycling Program will be applied toward our 25% goal.
The consultant will be responsible for identifying and quantifying
other waste diversion activities which are already occurring in the
City.
5. Waste Disposal Study:
The consultant will combine the data collected to characterize the
quantity and composition of wastes disposed of within each
jurisdiction. They will also check this data against certain
standards and prior studies to assure its consistency.
6. Development of Models:
The consultant will develop a model both for the City and for the
County as a whole. The model will be instrumental in calculating
the impact of future programs to reduce the amount of waste placed
in the landfill.
7. Waste Generation Projections:
The State regulations require that the plan provide projections of
waste generation, diversion, and disposal estimates for the next 15
years. The consultant will work with the City's Planning Staff in
developing the data to be used.
8. Household Hazardous Waste Analysis:
The consultant will review the proposal for the permanent program
to be operated by Alameda County Health Department.
Recommendations will be made on information which should be
collected once this program is operational.
9. Existing Conditions Report:
The consultant will prepare a report defining the existing
conditions within the City and the County. This will be based on
the information collected from the tasks outlined above.
10. Disposal Capacity:
The regulations require an analysis of the disposal capacity
available over a 15 year period. This will be based in part on the
projections described in Task 7 above.
11 . Education and Public Information Component:
This is a required element defined in AB 939. The consultant will
provide an overview of current programs. In addition, they will
identify potential countywide opportunities.
12. Identification of Potential Regional Facilities:
Reaching the goals of AB 939 will take a substantial effort for
each jurisdiction. The consultant will identify and discuss
opportunities for programs to be pursued on a regional basis. The
affected agencies will have an opportunity to jointly decide
whether or not to include the regional facilities as part of their
local plan.
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The Waste Management Authority will be responsible for supervising the
agreement with Brown & Caldwell for these services. The City will need
to have a Staff member available to assist the consultant in obtaining
necessary information. In addition, the consultant will need to work
closely with the local garbage company.
LOCAL SOURCE REDUCTION RECYCLING ELEMENT (SRRE)
AB 939 requires the City of Dublin to prepare and submit to the County a
Source Reduction and Recycling Element (SRRE) . The legislation calls
for this document to be submitted by July 1 , 1991 . The State Law
requires that the SRRE include a program for management of solid waste
generated within the City. The SRRE is also required to place primary
emphasis on the implementation of all feasible source reduction,
recycling, and composting programs while identifying the amount of
landfill capacity required for waste which cannot be diverted. This
document eventually becomes part of the County Integrated Waste
Management Plan, which is submitted to the State. This will become the
primary planning document for the City of Dublin in developing programs
which will allow the City to meet the mandated goals of reducing the
amount of garbage placed in the landfill.
Based on direction from the Agency Staff Committee, the Authority issued
the RFP to only cover the baseline and regional information. Some
agencies had already pursued detailed information related to their SRRE.
The Authority Executive Director has proposed to have the Authority fund
all SRRE plans. The project is anticipated to be structured with the
Authority entering into a master agreement with Brown and Caldwell. The
City would have the ability to define the scope of work and direct the
study. This provides local control over the recommendations included in
the SRRE. As previously discussed, it is the local agency which incurs
penalties for not meeting the requirements of AB 939. In addition, if a
local program is developed, the local elected officials will be
responsible for approving any rate increase required to fund the
program. This highlights the importance of local control in preparing
the SRRE.
SRRE PROPOSAL
Brown & Caldwell has presented a separate proposal to prepare all SRREs
to the Waste Management Authority Executive Director (Exhibit 2) . The
Baseline information, discussed in the first part of this report,
generally describes existing conditions found in the waste stream. The
SRRE will need to identify goals and objectives which would be
applicable to the City of Dublin.
The scope of work identifies the various components which will be
addressed. These include: source reduction, recycling, composting,
special waste, household hazardous waste, education and public
information, disposal facility capacity, funding, and integration. The
final two components have not been described as part of the discussion
of the Baseline Plan.
The Funding Component will evaluate the cost associated with
implementing programs identified to meet the requirements of the law.
This will include cost estimates, funding sources, and consideration of
regional efforts to secure funds related to the implementation of
programs required to meet the City's goals. The Integration Component
is required by the regulations. This task will identify precisely how
the various components will be combined to reach the 25% and 50%
mandates of AB 939. One example would be defining the priorities of
recycling versus composting.
CEOA ANALYSIS
State law mandates that any regulatory projects must provide adequate
protection of the environment. An initial study will be conducted by
the consultant including an environmental checklist to determine whether
a comprehensive analysis is necessary. If further investigation is
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required, then an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) is required. The
proposal does not include the preparation of an EIR.
TIME FRAME
AB 939 requires that the City submit its SRRE to the County by July 1 ,
1991 . The submittal of the County Plan to the State will not be
required until January 1 , 1994 provided that the study shows that more
than 8 years of landfill capacity remain in Alameda County. Given that
Brown & Caldwell will be actively working on data collection in Alameda
County, it appears to be efficient to also work with them to prepare the
City of Dublin SRRE.
WASTE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY OFFER TO CONTRACT SRRE
The Waste Management Authority has requested that cities indicate
whether they would be amenable to a joint effort to complete the local
SRREs. The Executive Director has requested a response by December 10,
1990.
The Authority has offered to fund the cost of the SRRE provided that the
scope of work is similar to that presented in Exhibit 2. If the agency
required additional specialized studies or additional meetings, the cost
would be borne by the City. The option would remain for an agency to
use its own consultant, or prepare the SRRE with Agency Staff. The
Authority would reimburse agencies not participating in the joint
project only to the amount which would have been paid as part of a joint
agreement. The ability to enter into a master agreement presents an
economical approach to the planning process. The consultant has
indicated that their proposed cost would be reduced by approximately 38
percent in the event that several agencies jointly pursue this option.
The Authority will most likely need to increase its tipping fee in order
to derive income to pay for the SRREs. A tipping fee would be levied on
all waste generated in the County. This results in additional operating
costs to the garbage company which are reflected in their rate requests
and would be paid by all garbage customers.
PROPOSED MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING
The Authority has suggested that the SRRE be completed pursuant to a
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) . This document would need to be
presented to the City Council at a future meeting. Provided that the
City Council agrees with this approach, Staff will be working to provide
the Authority with comments on the content of the MOU. The primary
concerns are 1 ) to assure that any financial responsibility of the City
is clearly defined and 2) to assure that the City has adequate control
in the preparation of the SRRE. This will be necessary to assure that
the goals and objectives to be pursued reflect the local community.
CONCLUSION
The Authority has already approved contracting with Brown and Caldwell
to perform the Baseline Study. This work is anticipated to begin in the
very near future.
Staff recommends that the City Council receive the report and concur
with the recommendation to proceed with the preparation of the SRRE
pursuant to a joint effort sponsored and funded by the Waste Management
Authority. An MOU will be presented at a future meeting to address the
preparation of the SRRE.
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Technical Proposal
Inteigrated Waste
anagement
Albany O
Planning
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Oakland
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Dublin
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Newark
Submitted fitted
to:
Alameda County
t
v
Waste Management
e
me n t
Authority
September 10,1990
Brown and Caldwell
In Association With C o n s u Ita nts
Dinwiddie and Associates
McGill-Martin-Self
Multi-Material Management and Marketing
OF
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Section 1
Proposed Work Program
This section includes the objectives,our methodology and scope of work, and a
work schedule.
OBJECTIVES
Brown and Caldwell is proposing to work with the Alameda County jurisdictions
in the development of a database and a structure for updating information that will
provide a strong foundation for planning, facility design, and subsequent monitoring
of solid waste programs. With the initiation of this project,the jurisdictions of Alameda
County (jurisdictions), which include the County, cities, and special districts, are
embarking on a process of solid waste diversion and management for the 1990s. The
intent of this project is to provide the Alameda County Waste Management Authority
(Authority) with the information needed to develop the Source Reduction and Recy-
cling Elements (SRREs) and to implement environmentally responsible and cost-
effective solid waste management plans.
Our proposed approach will collect the appropriate information in a cost-
effective and timely manner. Our team will provide a quantitative understanding of the
current conditions,with a primary focus on capturing the most accurate and thorough
assessment of the current waste generation, waste diversion (including source reduc-
tion,recycling and composting), and waste disposal. In addition,we will be working
closely with the individual jurisdictions,keeping them informed and involved in order
to provide them the information they need to develop the SRREs within their budget
and the time constraints.We are also prepared to help interested jurisdictions create their
SRREs.
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1-2
METHODOLOGY
This project is divided into two parts: the baseline analysis (Part I) and a
discussion of potential regionwide programs (Part II). The baseline analysis provides
the foundation for developing source reduction,recycling, and composting programs
and for measuring the progress in achieving the legislated waste diversion goals. We
believe that the baseline study must retain the integrity of the information on a local
level while providing an opportunity for coordination at the regional level. The
regionwide program analysis will identify potential programs and facilities that could
reduce the overall costs of California Assembly Bill 939 (AB 939) for the County.
The baseline analysis (Part I) must meet three objectives:
1. Provide the jurisdictions with the information they need to plan, develop,
implement, and monitor their programs,
2. Capture the full extent of current diversion practices,
3. Meet the regulatory requirements of the California Integrated Waste
Management Board (CIWMB). We will ensure that the Authority is
meeting the regulatory requirements by tracking the developments sur-
rounding AB 939, California Assembly Bill 1820 (AB 1820), and subse-
quent cleanup legislation.
The emphasis of the baseline analysis is on waste characterization. The waste
characterization needs to consider an enormous variety of factors including:
• Types of material generated
• Quantities at different source points
• A tremendous variety of waste sources and waste streams
• Identifying and distinguishing material "normally disposed" in collection
systems that do not keep comprehensive records.
These factors force a priority among time, resource constraints, economic
feasibility, and a statistically accurate analysis of waste streams. Our consulting team
recognizes these inherent data complexities and have structured a methodology that is
designed to provide the appropriate level of accuracy for planning,implementation,and
monitoring. At each step,we have explicitly analyzed the priorities between statistical
accuracy and breadth of knowledge. These details are discussed in the scope of work.
The waste characterization is composed of three parts: generation,diversion,and
disposal. The Request for Proposal (and our approach) emphasizes waste generation
in order to identify and obtain credit for the greatest extent of source reduction and
recycling. Since each percentage of diversion has additional costs, accounting for the
full extent of existing diversion practices is critical in reducing the jurisdictions'overall
costs of implementing AB 939.
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We will provide an accurate and cost-effective estimate of waste generation using
techniques such as(1)review,interpolation,and extrapolation from available data, (2)
field verification sampling, (3) interviews, and (4) surveys. Our methodology draws
upon available sources of information such as data from the County,recyclers,haulers,
scrap dealers, professional associations, state and regional agencies, and individual
jurisdictions.
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Given our focus on generation,our diversion and disposal analysis starts with the
sampling of individuals within our subpopulations selected for the generation study.
We then broaden the scope to use secondary aggregated information to verify our
generation numbers. We include a discussion of all current diversion and disposal
activities for completeness. This serves as the foundation for the existing conditions
part of the baseline. The last task in Part I is a review of the public education programs
within the County.
Part II of the proposal,the development of regionwide programs,is based on our
insights from the baseline analysis. We believe that there are significant opportunities
for jurisdictions to learn from each other and develop regional programs which may be
more cost-effective than several individual programs. We will provide a discussion of
the pros and cons of several alternatives. These alternatives may include regional
composting, development of regional marketing efforts, and regional education pro-
grams.
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SCOPE OF WORK
The scope of work is separated into Part I , Baseline Elements, and Part H,
Regionwide Programs. The baseline elements are described in Task 1 through Task 12.
The regionwide programs are contained in Task 13. For each major task, we have
described the problem being addressed,our approach to the program, a detailed list of
subtasks that will accomplish the task,and the resulting work products. A timeline for
the complete project is provided at the end of this section.
Task 1. Residential Waste Generation Analysis
Understanding the Problem. The County and local jurisdictions need to
estimate the waste generated from each residential community. The objectives are to
capture the total amount of current source reduction, recycling and composting; to
quantify the amount of waste that may be diverted;to evaluate the success of diversion
alternatives; and to assess the waste characteristics of residents with different demo-
graphic information.
The Approach. The residential waste analysis will quantify differences in the
rates of generation, diversion, and disposal between subpopulations (or categories)
within the population. For analysis, the sources of waste generation are residential,
commercial, and industrial, where congregate (or institutional waste) is generally a
subcategory of residential waste. In instances where a congregate facility can be
labeled under a Standard Industrial Code (SIC),we have grouped it in the commercial
analysis.To minimize sampling and to be cost-effective,our methodology defines the
appropriate subpopulations,carefully selects households to be monitored and sampled,
and provides an analysis of diversion and disposal for these households. Figure 1-1
illustrates the methodology. This approach provides a complete analysis of the
subpopulations that will be extrapolated to the individual jurisdictions.
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County Neighborhood Home" Monitoring
Figure 1-1. Methodology
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Subtask 1.1. Review County data on planning areas and develop a
"profile" for each subpopulation.The four Alameda County Planning Units are
the source of demographic information such as household size, land use,income, etc.
We propose to categorize the residential population on the basis of income level (low,
medium and high) and household structure (single family or multi-family or congre-
gate). We will use the planning subcategory information to determine an average
demographic profile for each subpopulation. We will derive a sample of 30 households/
subpopulation. If our analysis of the demographics reveals an additional unique
subpopulation, we would be willing to incorporate that group into our analysis.
Subpopulations were chosen based on expected variations in participation in different
recycling options.
Subtask 1.2. Conduct random sampling. We will generate a random list of
households from each planning area. From this random list, we will conduct a phone
survey to find a match between our average demographic profile and the actual
household. The group of 30 households per subpopulation derived under Subtask 1.1
will be the basis of our generation analysis.We will check to make sure that the different
planning areas are adequately represented.This"tuning"of the random samples forces
the different subpopulations to be adequately represented and reduces overall sampling
costs.
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Subtask 1.3. Develop and perform residential survey. A survey will be one
source of current and anticipated waste diversion and waste disposal information,and
the first step of our residential analysis. Areas that will be addressed in the survey are:
• Number of people in household
• Income category
• Level of education
• Level of waste collection service (size of container, number of containers)
• Extent of yard waste generation
• Extent of recycling
• Types of materials that are recycled
• Interest in getting involved in recycling programs
• Ongoing efforts to reduce the amount of waste generated
In addition to the survey, we will inquire if the household would be willing to
participate in follow-up activities such as having their waste practices monitored in the
future.
Subtask 1.4. Analyze waste disposal and diversion through verification
sampling. Brown and Caldwell technicians will grab the household's waste contain-
ers before the hauler arrives. They will sort and document the following materials listed
in Table 1-1. This will be done for regular disposal service as well as curbside recycling
service. Due to the time constraints of the project, we will not be able to perform a
seasonal sampling.
Subtask I.S. Develop per capita waste generation numbers. We will use
a regression analysis technique on the information from our samples within each
subpopulation to derive per capita waste generation estimates. We will compare the
results among the different subpopulations to determine whether there are actual
differences in waste composition and quantity among the groups. Later, these
estimates will be verified against the waste stream quantity data collected at the landfill.
If there are any inconsistencies, we will make appropriate adjustments or discuss
alternatives for reconciliation with the Authority.
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Table 1-1. Waste Categories
Paper: Metals:
a. corrugated containers a. aluminum cans
b. mixed paper b. bi-metal containers
c. newspaper c. ferrous metals and tin cans
d. high grade ledger paper d. non-ferrous metals including
e. other paper aluminum scrap
e. white goods
Plastics:
a. high-density polyethylene Yard waste
(HDPE) containers
b. polyethylene terephthalate Other Organics:
(PET) containers a. food waste
c. film plastics b. tires and rubber products
d. other plastics c. wood wastes
d. agricultural crop residues
Glass:
e. manure
a. refillable glass beverage containers f. textiles and leather
b. California Redemption Value glass
c. other recyclable glass Other wastes
d. other non-recyclable glass
Subtask 1.6. Develop individual jurisdiction residential waste generation
profile. The planning information available on a jurisdiction level will be used to
derive a composite of the demographic nature of the jurisdiction. We will apply the per
capita generation rates of the subpopulations to this composite to derive waste
generation profiles for each jurisdiction.
Subtask 1.7. Work products developed under Task 1. The work products
below will be documented and compiled into a report.
1. Residential survey
2. Tabular results of residential survey
3. Tabular results of waste diversion and disposal sampling
4. Per capita waste generation numbers
5. Residential waste generation for each jurisdiction
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Task 2. Commercial and Industrial Generator Analysis
Understanding the Problem. Commercial and industrial generators are the
source of the greatest proportion of waste in some communities,and consequently offer
significant opportunities for source reduction and recycling. Extrapolating the
findings of random sampling of commercial or industrial waste has limited statistical
validity, however, since there is large variability in both composition and quantity of
solid waste among individual commercial and industrial facilities. Data show that
many components in commercial and industrial loads typically vary from 0 to 100%of
the load.
The Approach.The commercial and industrial populations are grouped together
in this proposal because we will use the same methodology for both. At the appropriate
time, we will break out the information into the appropriate subgroups. Instead of
developing apparently precise information for generalized categories of facilities based
on sampling of a few facilities,we have chosen to develop a broad understanding from
a wide range of facilities and waste streams. We have bolstered this approach with more
detailed analysis of large generators who have a significant impact on the total waste
streams.
To adequately address the complexity of accurately determining all waste
streams, we propose a three-phased approach. This provides increasing accuracy of
measurement for facilities with larger waste quantities, while providing sufficient
information on all facilities for the development of baseline data. The three-phased
approach includes:
1. Survey -- A survey will be the backbone of gathering waste composition
and quantity data.
2. Photographic sampling -- For large generators of waste, we will augment
the survey with photographic waste sampling. The photographic approach,
by itself is insufficient for determining statistically accurate information.
Combined with the survey, though,it provides dependable information for
planning and development.
3. Field verification sampling --We will do a waste sampling of the largest
facilities to verify our information.
Subtask 2.1.Develop list of commercial and industrial enterprises.The 6,000
companies listed in the Alameda County Commerce and Industry Directory will be the
basis of our commercial and industrial analysis. For in-depth analyses,we will develop
a list of the County's top waste generators by working with the local haulers and
individual jurisdictions.
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Subtask 2.2. Develop and distribute commercial and industrial survey for
waste diversion and disposal. The commercial/industrial survey will provide
documentation of the wide variation in the characteristics of waste generation, waste
diversion,and waste disposal. It will include potential as well as existing recycling and
diversion options. Some of the information that will be obtained from the written
surveys includes:
• Type of business.(SIC code)
• Size of business (e.g., number of employees)
• Level of waste collection service (i.e., cubic yardage of container(s) times
the frequency of pickup per week or month)
• Participation in building or business complex with common maintenance
service that includes waste removal
• Estimation of volume disposed
• Types of waste generated (e.g., food, cardboard, glass, etc.) with the
estimated percentage of the total by volume
• Existence of contracted landscape service for grass clipping and other plant
removal
• Material being recycled on a regular basis (quantities, types, frequency)
• Interest in recycling
• In-house efforts to reduce the amount of waste generated during the past
year and anticipated interest for next year
• Estimated seasonal variations
Subtask 2.3. Photographic sampling of top waste generators. To gain
further accuracy on the waste characteristics of the large generators, we will use the
photographic sampling.technique. Photographic sampling begins with a photo of the
discarded materials in an open waste bin. An enlarged photo is subsectioned and the
waste composition of the observed surface is documented. This information is then
extrapolated for the complete waste bin. Since large generators have their own roll-off
containers, we are assured that the waste stream can be associated with that generator.
Photographic sampling is a quick and cost-effective approach to measuring homoge-
neous wastes.
We will perform this sampling for the largest generators. We are defining a large
generator as produceing at least 240 cubic yards of uncompacted waste per week. We
anticipate working with 100 facilities.
Subtask 2.4. Compile survey results. We anticipate a 10 to 30% response rate
for all commercial and industrial establishments. We will sort the responses by SIC
code and develop generation estimates for each SIC code of major importance to the
jurisdictions. This is sufficient to develop estimates for all jurisdictions even if the
responses do not come from that area. If we do not receive a response in an important
industry, we will proactively call firms to obtain the necessary information.
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The survey responses will be compiled and estimates of waste generation
extrapolated to facilities that did not respond. This methodology will provide a more
comprehensive breakdown of industry information than is required in the RFP. We will
provide this information on an individual jurisdiction basis.
Subtask 2.5. Sample waste stream of selected industrial and commer-
cial establishments. As a final step, we will perform an actual waste sort on the
10 largest generators that are willing to participate. Once again,we believe this to be
a check on our other techniques.
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Subtask 2.6. Identify seasonal variations. We anticipate that there will be
seasonal variations in the commercial/industrial waste streams. We will characterize
the sources and instances of seasonal variations through the survey analysis. Given the
deadlines of this project and the start times, we will not perform a seasonal analysis.
Subtask 2.7. Work Products developed under Task 2. The work products
below will be documented and compiled into a report.
1. Commercial/industrial survey
2 Tabular summary of waste streams
3. Analysis of waste by SIC code
4. Description of seasonal variations
5. Summary of field verification sampling
Task 3. Special Waste Generators
Understanding the Problem. Special wastes, such as water and wastewater
sludge, asbestos, auto bodies, auto dismantler wastes, industrial sludge, ash, and
demolition debris, need to be counted in the waste stream. They require separate
analysis because many of them are not consistently produced in the same manner or
location. The regulatory status of some of these wastes, such as wastewater sludge,is
evolving and needs to be monitored to see if they will count towards the waste diversion
goals.
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The Approach. We will review available documents and surveys to identify all
special waste streams. We will compile information on the available waste streams,and
monitor CIWMB rulings to determine which wastes can be counted towards the
diversion goal.
Subtask 3.1. Research quantities of waste"not included in Task 1 and
Task 2. We will contact organizations who work with these products or wastes to
understand overall quantities. For example,we will contact auto wreckers to obtain the
number and source of auto bodies and the quantity of auto shredder waste. We will also
review hauler records for quantities of special wastes currently landfilled. We will look
to find wastes within Alameda County that are not being recycled, but have high
potential.
Subtask 3.2. Review available information on demolition and construc-
tion wastes. We wilt use information from haulers, construction and demolition
companies, and landfills to estimate the construction and demolition waste. Other
facilities have estimates for different type of construction wastes which we might use
to extrapolate information for Alameda County. We will apply these estimates to the
number of construction permits within a local jurisdiction. This provides a reasonable
estimate of past waste and allows tracking of future wastes.
Subtask 3.3. Identify and quantify sludge disposal,practices. We will use
information available from the East Bay Municipal Utility District, Oro Loma and
Castro Valley Sanitary Districts, and other sources for water and wastewater sludge
quantities and disposal methods. Where appropriate, we will apply the sludge
quantities based on population to the jurisdictions.
Subtask 3.4. Work Products developed under Task 3. A summary of the
special waste generation will be documented and compiled into a report.
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1-12
Task 4. Waste Diversion Study
Understanding the Problem. The County has a wide variety of public, non-
profit, and commercial programs for recovering various recyclables. Some of these
efforts, such as a community residential curbside collection program, can be equated
with a specific local jurisdiction. However, most operations serve a wider group of
people. Some operations service the greater Bay Area and beyond. Moreover, many
of these facilities will deal with a combination of materials"normally disposed"and not
normally disposed,which will have to be divided in a manner consistent with AB 939
regulations. Finally, since many materials travel through a number of hands before
reaching an end user, the possibility of double counting is high.
The Approach. The core data for diversion will be secured directly from the
generators -- the residential, commercial, and industrial sources. Our approach will
largely eliminate the problem of double counting and will greatly facilitate direct and
proper allocation to specific local jurisdictions. These data, to the maximum extent
possible,will be tied to relevant data derived from recycling programs/facilities activity
and other state and regional composite data sources. Discrepancies will be noted,
evaluated, and future mitigation recommended.
Subtask 4.1. Verity relevant material types as "normally disposed." We
will work with the jurisdictions, haulers, and CIWMB to define"normally disposed,"
and verify the presence in the waste stream of materials that can be counted towards
diversion. Normally disposed includes materials that are routinely landfilled.
Subtask 4.2. Assess diversion from residential sources. Source reduction and
recycling data derived from the residential waste generation study will be compiled and
extrapolated to county-wide levels. At the same time, we will identify, describe, and
evaluate the quantity, material type and where feasible, levels of public participation
of recovery programs and facilities serving the County(some may not be located in the
County) . These include curbside collection programs,buyback and drop-off centers,
and such agencies as The Salvation Army and Goodwill.Assembly Bill 2020 data from
the California State Department of Conservation will also be used as a cross-check on
aggregated program/facility data for relevant material types. We will evaluate
recycling records to identify seasonal variations.
Subtask 4.3. Assess diversion from commercial and industrial sources.
Source reduction and recycling data derived from the commercial/industrial waste
generation study will be aggregated at a county-wide level. Programs and facilities
recovering materials from these waste streams, including waste paper packers, metal
scrap dealers ("normally disposed"metals still count under California Assembly Bill
1820 revisions), rendering companies, etc., will be identified and surveyed for data.
This data will be merged with information from professional organizations, and
industry informants and tied to our survey data.
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` 1-13
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Subtask 4.4. Disaggregate information to local jurisdiction level. Pro-
gram, facility, and organizational data developed will be disaggregated to local
jurisdictional levels. We will check the information developed in Task 4 with the
information in Task 1 and Task 2. In addition, we will tie a facility's diversion back
to the individual jurisdiction wherever possible.
Subtask 4.5 Work Products developed under Task 4. We will provide the
following items to be compiled into a report. .
1. Summary of diversion practices for residential wastes
2 Summary of diversion practices for industrial wastes
3. Individual jurisdiction information on diversion practices.
Task 5. Waste Disposal Study
Understanding the Problem. The Request for Proposal requires a waste
disposal study that characterizes the quantity and composition of solid wastes disposed
of within each jurisdiction. This estimate will be the basis to measure success in
meeting the additional diversion needs to meet the regulatory requirements.
The Approach. We will be using a combined approach of quantitative sampling
and comparative analysis. We will compare our quantitative residential,commercial,
industrial and special waste analyses done in Task 1 through Task 3 for the individual
jurisdictions with aggregate statistics available from the haulers and disposal records.
Subtask 5.1. Identify waste quantities for jurisdictions and verify waste
sampling estimates. We will work with the local haulers to determine the quantity
of waste disposed of in the landfills. This will be compared to our derived estimates
in Task 1, the waste generation study. We will also perform a sensitivity analysis for
particular variables that might be important for each jurisdiction.
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Subtask 5.2. Comparison with other available waste composition infor-
mation. We will research other waste disposal studies to compare our results. We will
perform an analysis to account for different residential, commercial, and industrial
composition of the information.
Subtask 5.3. Work Products developed under Task 5. We will develop the
following work products to be incorporated into a report.
1. Summary of hauler waste composition and quantity information
2. Compilation of available information from outside sources
3. Discussion of waste disposal practices and data
Task 6. Correlation, Integration and Reconciliation
Understanding the Problem. For development of the SRREs,each jurisdiction
needs the baseline information and projections for the next 15 years in a format that is
easy to use and modify. In addition, the data needs to be compiled for a county-wide
perspective on the waste streams.The information from the waste generation, diver-
sion,and disposal tasks needs to be compiled,analyzed for inconsistencies,reconciled
if necessary, and provided to the individual jurisdictions.
The Approach. We will correlate the waste generation quantities developed in
Tasks 1 through 3 with the sum of the waste diversion(Task 4)and waste disposal(Task
5)quantities. We will reconcile differences that might occur between the two methods
of determining waste generation.
We intend to provide the baseline information to the jurisdictions in hard copy
and in a computer model. The most efficient and easiest method of presenting the
baseline data is in a spreadsheet.. The computer model can be updated and modified as
conditions change. In addition,it is a planning tool to assess the sensitivity of different
variables, such as population growth, on the jurisdiction's waste stream.
Subtask 6.1. Analyze information to derive generation rates. We will
compile our data on the residential subpopulations and determine the per capita waste
generation, diversion, and disposal using regression analyses. For commercial and
industrial waste streams,we will assess the most appropriate per unit measurement. We
will vary the unit of measurement to be dependent on the most logical variable tied to
waste production. For example, we expect to use a per capita unit for office paper in
clerical offices while sales might be a more appropriate measure for a small business.
Subtask 6.2. Check data for inconsistencies. When we have compiled all the
raw data, we will analyze the information to eliminate inconsistencies. We will
correlate our derived per unit waste composition rates with the sampled jurisdiction
waste disposal and diversion estimates, and compare our analysis to other available
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1-15
analyses. This will provide a check on the incoming and outgoing waste streams. We
will incorporate aggregated seasonal adjustments found in diversion and disposal
records. Since the scope of work defines several intermediate check points for data
accuracy,we do not expect any major issues to be discovered at this late point. For small
inconsistences, we will make appropriate reconciliation adjustments or develop a
recommendation for the Authority.
Subtask 6.3. Develop spreadsheet model for each jurisdiction. We will
work with the jurisdictions to understand their preferences for seeing the information.
We will incorporate the compiled information into a spreadsheet analysis for each
jurisdiction. The spreadsheet will detail the quantities of wastes being generated, di-
verted, and disposed of by the different waste categories. We will show a detailed
breakdown by subpopulations and key commercial and industrial SIC codes. We will
incorporate the expected 15 yearprojections forchanges in population andcommercial/
industrial growth.
Subtask 6.4. Develop countywide model of waste input, diversion, and
disposal. Brown and Caldwell has developed a Waste Integration Program (BC-
WIP) that tracks the flow of wastes from the generator to diversion to disposal. This
model incorporates the information from jurisdictions and simulates material flows
through the various named diversion and disposal alternatives. The program shows the
current and anticipated loads on the recycling and disposal points for the next twenty
years. The model is particularly useful for modeling different scenarios. We will
incorporate County waste information into this model for countywide planning.
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Subtask 6.5. Review models and information with the jurisdictions and
the Authority. We plan to meet with jurisdictions three times in the development of
the baseline. First, we will review our assumptions with the jurisdictions before
sampling. Second,when we have any preliminary information,we will provide that to
the jurisdictions as soon as possible to help facilitate the production of the source
reduction and recycling elements. Third,when the analysis is complete,we will review
our findings to the jurisdictions.
Subtask 6.6. Work Products developed under Task 6. We will provide the
following work products.
1. Meetings with jurisdictions
2. Spreadsheets with waste generation, diversion, and disposal information
for each jurisdiction
3. BC-WIP program
Task 7. Waste Generation Projections
Understanding the Problem.The regulations require that the waste generation,
diversion, and disposal estimates be projected over the next 15 years. Projections are
inherently limited in their utility as time passes. The key issue is the flexibility of the
program and the analysis to incorporate changing data. Task 6, Correlation, Integra-
tion, and Reconciliation, discusses how these projections will fit with the modeling.
The Approach. We will use information available from the County and
jurisdiction planning groups to project the changes in population,population compo-
sition,influx and outflows of businesses,and land use. This data will be applied to the
current conditions to project the future waste scenarios.
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Subtask 7.1.Compile information on expected changes in demograph-
ics. We will use available planning documents from the jurisdictions as well as
preliminary census data as the basis for potential changes in land use, population
changes,influx and outflows of businesses. We will also review appropriate business
records, permit activities, and business licenses to develop a realistic demographic
projection to develop waste generation projections.
Subtask 7.2. Develop projections of waste generation for each jurisdic-
tion. We will combine the information from Subtask 7.1 and the reconciled waste
generation rates from Task 6 in a database that will compile projections for the next 15
years. Details on this are explained in Task 6 -- Correlation, Integration, and
Reconciliation.
Subtask 7.3. Work Products developed under Task 7. The work products
below will be documented and compiled into a report.
1. Projections of demographics of jurisdictions
2. Projections of waste streams
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Task 8. Household Hazardous Waste Analysis
Understanding the Problem. Managing household hazardous waste is an
important aspect of an integrated waste management plan. The County has been in the
process of developing a household hazardous waste/minigenerator hazardous waste
program. The household hazardous waste plan describes county-wide facilities.
Printed on recycled paper
1-18
The Approach. We will review the County Hazardous Waste Plan and Alameda
County Department of Environmental Health's proposal and work with the jurisdic-
tions to incorporate the plan into the individual SRREs.
Subtask 8.1. Review Household Hazardous Waste Plan and disaggre-
gate information. We will review the Alameda County Household Hazardous
Waste (HHW) Plan and the Department of Environmental Health's proposal plan for
a series of permanent HHW facilities.We will meet with the people implementing the
program to verify that the information is still accurate and include any appropriate
changes. We will work with the jurisdictions to allocate the amount of diversion that
can be assessed for each community. Since the collection facilities are beginning
operations,we have the opportunity to suggest recordkeeping information that will help
in future planning.
Task 9. Existing Conditions Report
Understanding the Problem. Every jurisdiction is required to write an assess-
ment of the existing conditions for their Source Reduction and Recycling Element
(SRRE). The description should include an identification of existing alternatives which
are going to be increased, decreased or phased out.
The Approach. Most of the information for the SRREs will be uncovered during
the waste characterization study. As we complete the tasks for the waste characteriza-
tion, we will note and follow up on information necessary for the completion of the
SRRE existing conditions. We will be providing a report for each jurisdiction and the
County.
Subtask 9.1. Source Reduction Existing Conditions Report.We will use the
survey information obtained by prior tasks to identify the source reduction activities of
the residential,commercial,and industrial markets. We will evaluate their current and
planned source reduction activities. As we review the survey information,we will log
information that might be helpful for the regionwide planning activities.We will apply
the source reduction estimates to the individual jurisdictions.
Subtask 9.2. Recycling Existing Conditions Report. We will compile the in-
formation gathered in the diversion study as the basis for the recycling component. We
will note-the types and quantities of wastes being diverted,and the types of facilities in
each jurisdiction. The surveys will allow us to provide a detailed assessment of the
recycling activities within a jurisdiction. We will supplement this information with
secondary information, such as quantities of bottles returned,kept by the Department
of Conservation. We will include a discussion of whether these programs will be
decreased in scope, phased out, or closed during the short-term and medium-term
planning periods.
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1-19
Subtask 9.3. Composting Existing Conditions Report. We will survey current
use of sludge and solid waste in composting programs including backyard composting.
We will also describe the plans for composting that are being considered in Alameda
County communities.
Subtask 9.4. Special Waste Existing Conditions Report. The special waste
component of the diversion and disposal study will provide the basis of information on
asbestos, sewage sludge, tires, auto shredder and demolition and construction wastes.
We will derive jurisdiction numbers for the special wastes using appropriate per unit
measurements. Construction permits will be the basis of demolition and construction
wastes.
Subtask 9.5. Household Hazardous Waste Report. We will develop individual
analyses of the household hazardous waste programs for the jurisdictions.
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Task 10. Disposal Capacity
Understanding the Problem. Each jurisdiction needs an analysis of the solid
waste disposal facility capacities. This analysis needs to include a description of
existing permitted solid waste landfills and transformation facilities and a projection of
the additional disposal capacity needed to accommodate anticipated solid waste
generation within the jurisdiction for a 15-year period beginning in 1991.
Printed on recycled paper
1-20
The Approach. We will use the existing County Integrated Solid Waste
Management Plan as the basis for the disposal capacity analysis, updating the data
where appropriate.
Subtask 10.1. Review existing County Plan and disaggregate informa-
tion to individual jurisdictions. We will review the County capacity plans within
the CoSWMP and describe the capacity planning needs for each jurisdiction.
Subtask 10.2 Work Products under Task 10. We will develop an individual
disposal capacity description for each jurisdiction.
Task 11 . Education and Public Information Component
Understanding the Problem. Alameda County currently has several education
and public information programs on source reduction and recycling. Some of these
programs,such as the Berkeley"Precycle"program have achieved recognition for their
innovation. The objective of this section is to review available information and provide
guidance on county-wide educational efforts.
The Approach. We will describe the current education and public information
programs and their success. We will use these programs as well as other possible
programs to develop a plan for county-wide educational efforts to support recycling
programs. We will describe which waste streams would be affected and estimate the
impact of these campaigns on each community. We will assess the pros and cons of
county-wide programs versus individual programs.
Subtask 11.1. Review existing education and public information pro-
grams for each jurisdictions. We will interview the seventeen jurisdictions to
obtain information and materials from their educational and informational programs.
Through individual interviews we have the opportunity to learn from the jurisdictions
their assessment of what has worked, where improvement is needed, what audiences
have responded to the information, and what audiences may need special program
material and/or information.
Subtask 11.2. Assess programs and compare various jurisdiction efforts.
Once all the information from the jurisdictions has been collected andreviewed,we will
develop an assessment of the common elements and problems,resources available or
needed to address the problems, etc.
Subtask 11.3. Review recommendations and findings with jurisdictions.
We will review the recommendations and findings of the report and what improve-
ments or suggestions we would have regarding their program efforts.
Printed on recycled paper
1-21
Subtask 11.4.Public relations for generators described in Task 2. If desired,
we are prepared to develop a public relations program that will provide visibility for the
10 firms who volunteer to have their waste streams analyzed in Task 2.
Subtask 11.5. Work products developed under Task 11. We will develop the
following work products:
1. Meetings with the jurisdictions
2. Report on assessment based on Subtask 11.1 and Subtask 11.2 for the
jurisdictions
Task 12. SRRE Development for Individual Jurisdictions
Understanding the Problem. Many jurisdictions have not yet decided whether
to use a consultant for the additional work required for the SRRE development. Given
the short timeframe for the overall SRRE development,it is likely that the jurisdictions
would want to use the consultant for this project to provide the follow-on work. This
would reduce the costs of the project because the consultant would already be familiar
with the jurisdictions and their waste streams.
The Approach. We understand that the jurisdictions may want varying levels of
support as they embark on the preparation of their SRRE. We will provide assistance
in two ways. First,we are committed to working with the jurisdictions to provide them
the information in a timely manner. We will be checking with the communities on their
timelines and provide interim reports as the information is developed. Our project is
designed so that all data -- residential, commercial, industrial, and special -- is
developed concurrently reducing the overall project time. As part of this project, we
will also be writing the existing conditions element so that the jurisdictions are well on
their way.
Subtask 12.1 Develop scope of work for individual jurisdictions. We are
willing and able to provide additional assistance to the jurisdictions for the develop-
ment of SRREs. We will work with each jurisdiction to develop appropriate tasks and
timelines.
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Printed on recycled paper
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1-22
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Task 13. Identification and Discussion of Potential Regionwide
Facilities
Understanding the Problem. The regulations of AB 939 require each jurisdic-
tion to develop their own program for diverting 25% and 50%of the waste stream. On
an implementation level,it makes sense to consider regionwide programs that might be
more effective and cost-efficient that several individual programs.
The Approach. Our analysis of the waste streams and existing practices will
provide us with a countywide perspective on the current conditions. We will use that
information to develop suggestions for countywide recycling programs. Criteria for
countywide recycling programs will include past success on a local level, NIMBY,
economies of scale forprogram implementation,and economies of scale forrecyclable
quantities. We will carefully monitor the waste streams to identify wastes that might
not have been specifically mentioned in the regulatory requirements that might be
recyclable. We will use our extensive knowledge in recyclable markets to help assess
the viability and success of different alternatives.
Subtask 13.1. Develop list of alternatives. We will compile information based
on evaluations of existing recycling and composting facility operators, plans for
recycling and composting facilities, our understanding of the waste streams, and
regional economic development plans.
Subtask 13.2. Write analysis of potential regionwide facilities.We will write
an analysis of options highlighting opportunities for coordination,the pros and cons of
such alternatives, and the impact on the jurisdictions.
Printed on recycled paper
Brawn and Caldwell
Consultants
3480 Buskirk Avenue
Pleasant Hill,CA 94523-4342
P0.Box 8045
Walnut Creek,CA 94596.1220
(415)937-9010
FAX(415)937-9026
November 9 , 1990
Mr. Thomas M. Martinsen
Executive Director
Alameda County Waste Management
Authority
1933 Davis Street, Suite 308
San Leandro, California 94577 9910-64
Subject: Source Reduction and Recycling Element
Dear Mr. Martinsen:
Enclosed are the following:
1. A table listing estimated costs for preparing Source
Reduction and Recycling Elements (SRREs) for the
jurisdictions in Alameda County. Costs are included
for preparing a SRRE for an individual jurisdiction
and for preparing SRREs for a group of jurisdictions.
The costs include the preparation of all SRRE
components not included in our existing scope of work.
The combined costs will apply for preparing full SRREs
for combination of jurisdictions with a combined
population exceeding 400, 000 (excluding Oakland) .
2 . Our proposed scope of services for preparing the
SRREs.
We realize some of the communities will not want any of the work
and some will only want partial assistance. We are defining
specific services, if any, each jurisdiction wishes to have
included. We hope to complete the preliminary definition by
November 16, 1990.
Very truly yours,
BROWN AND CALDWELL
Ervin E. Nesheim
Vice President
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1-23
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Task 14. Project Management
Understand the Problem. This project involves working with several groups
--the 17 jurisdictions, haulers, commercial and industrial establishments and recycle
facilities. It will involve gathering a tremendous amount of information in a relatively
short timeframe. With all these factors, strong project management is essential.
Printed on recycled paper
1-24
The Approach. Brown and Caldwell has extensive experience managing
complex projects. We have developed extensive systems for project control,commu-
nication, and cost control. More detail on our procedures is described in Section 3,
Project Management and Personnel Assignments.
Subtask 14.1. Monitor and control project team activities and budgets
for tasks. Given the complexity and breadth of this project, strong upfront planning
and carefully tracking of the project's progress will be essential to meet the deadlines
for the jurisdictions development of the SRREs.
Subtask 14.2. Status Reports. We will provide brief written status reports with
each monthly invoice to the client.
Subtask 14.3. Provide internal review and quality assurance checks.
Work product quality control is extremely important to Brown and Caldwell. Current
corporate policy mandates a structured quality control review for all major projects.
SCHEDULE OF WORK PRODUCTS
Task Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May
1. Residential waste
2. Commercial/industrial waste h- O
3. Special waste generators
4. Waste diversion study
5. Waste disposal study
6. Correlation,integration,and reconciliation
7. Waste generation projections Mx>N•
8. Household hazardous waste
9. Existing conditions report n.....:.. w..>H^•
10. Disposal capacity v «�
11. Education and public information component v.:.
12. SRRE development,to be determined
13. Identification of regional facilities ••
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14. Project management
tiiS:�vi:BCCi+i
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g
A Meeting
O Draft submittal
• Final submittal
Printed on recycled paper
11/ 9/1990
Estimated Costs for Preparing SRREs
Individual Jurisdictions Compared to Combined Contract
ESTIMATED INDIVIDUAL COMBINED
POPULATION COST COST
ALAMEDA 74,100 66,6x0 48,25 1
ALBANY 16,550 104,825 17.961
BERKELEY 106,300 85,0f�410 61,528
DUBLIN 2J,80() 2J,800 18,667
EMERYVILLE 5,725 141313 10,355
FREMONT 173,100 121,170 87,669
HAYWARD 105.500 847400 61,065 BY RW BECK
LIVERMORE 58,400 52,560 38,028
NEWARK 39,500 39,500 28, 79
OAKLAND 357,600 1014,560 155,238
PIEDMONT 10,450 15,675 11,341
PLEASANTON 55,300 510,535 38,010
SAN LEANDRO 67,400 601660 43,889
UNION CIT`! J0,500 47,975 34,711
UNINCORPORATED 119,600 1131600 86,533 TREAT AS 3 AREAS
SUMMATION 1,265,825 1,05,303 741,825
Y
PROPOSED
SCOPE OF SERVICES
This includes our potential scope of services for preparing the Source Reduction
and Recycling Elements (SRREs) for the unincorporated areas of Alameda County and
its various cities (jurisdictions). Our approach is based on our understanding of the
requirements of AB 939 and the resulting emergency regulations (Chapter 9 of Title 14),
changes included in AB 1820 as cleanup to AB 939, and our experience in solid waste
management planning and implementation.
In accordance with Title 14 each incorporated city and the County for its
unincorporated area must adopt a SRRE. The cleanup language of AB 1820 has made
changes which have significant impact on schedule and cost. These changes include the
following:
1. The deadline for the SRRE that the County must prepare for the unincorpo-
rated area now corresponds to the City SRRE deadline, July 1, 1991, unless
extended for preparation of an Environmental Impact Report (EIR).
2. Each City and the County for their unincorporated areas may request an
extension for submitting their SRRE if the extension is necessary for
completion and certification of an EIR. In order to obtain an extension each
entity is required to complete its draft SRRE and pass a resolution that it is
unable to meet the deadline and complete and certify the EIR. These are
necessary by July 1, 1991. The extension can not be past December 1, 1991.
3. The requirements for the solid waste generation study reduce the require-
ments for waste characterization and allow the use of representative, regional
data and prior data that is representative. The requirements for the rigid
statistical significance is removed for the initial SRRE, but presently remains
for future SRRE updates.
4. Wastewater sludge is removed from the initial definition of solid waste for
purposes of establishing base generation rates.
BROWN AND CALDWELL 1
SOURCE REDUCTION AND RECYCLING ELEMENTS
For efficiency we will prepare a model SRRE. The model SRRE will then be
customized to include data specific to each jurisdiction. Tasks for completing the
SRREs, CEQA documentation, attending meetings and hearings, and project manage-
ment follow:
Task L. Model SRRE
A model SRRE will be prepared utilizing the model component formats specified
in Chapter 9 of Title 14. The model SRRE will include draft goals and objectives for
each of the first five components (source reduction,recycling, composting, special wastes,
and household hazardous wastes). The model SRRE will include the required
components, which will then be tailored to each jurisdiction as part of the individual
SRREs.
Source Reduction Component
The Source Reduction Component for each SRRE will be prepared in the model
component format included in Section 18733 of Chapter 9 (Model Component Format).
The component format and some specific considerations are discussed below:
Prepare Component Objectives. The draft goals and objectives applicable to
source reduction will be defined as this component is developed. Objectives specific to
the key issues such as "increased source reduction for solid and hazardous wastes" and
"reduced use of containers and packaging"will be made more specific with numeric goals
that can be measured.
Prepare Existing Conditions Description. Data from the waste characteriza-
tion/existing conditions reports will be used for these descriptions.
Prepare Selection of Program. The Source Reduction Component will include a
description of the selected alternative(s). An implementation program will be prepared
for the selected source reduction programs. The implementation description will include
identification of responsibility, implementation tasks, implementation schedules (both
short-term and medium-term), and estimated implementation costs (both public and
private) and revenues.
Recycling Component
In addition to addressing different approaches to recycling we will focus on market
development issues. The Recycling Component of each SRRE will be prepared in the
BROWN AND CALDWELL 2
Model Component format. The component format will be the same as that of the
Sources Reduction Component. Specific considerations are discussed below:
Goals and objectives will be refined as this component is developed. Some cities
have specific goals based on their current plans. Goals will be developed for the
marketing of recyclable materials. Issues to be addressed are local markets, impact of
recycling process on end products, markets for compost and other soil amendments, and
possible joint ventures. Preparation of multiple plans will allow us to develop a
comprehensive program for the area. We will use our knowledge of the marketplace and
our awareness of state-wide efforts to influence market development.
Composting Component
The. Composting Component for each SRRE will be prepared in the Model
Component Format. We believe that composting of solid waste will most likely be
necessary to meet the 50 percent waste diversion requirement by the year 2000. The
development and the ultimate success of any composting programs will be influenced by
marketing of composted material. We will address this as part of the preparation of this
component.
Special Waste Component
The special waste component of each SRRE will be prepared in the Model
Component Format. The component format will be the same as that of the Source
Reduction Component. The special wastes being generated in the Cities will be
identified during the waste generation/characterization tasks. Existing handling and
disposal procedures will be evaluated. Regulatory requirement changes will be
monitored and addressed.
Household Hazardous Waste Component
The household hazardous waste component will be prepared in the Model
Component Format included in Section 18733 of Chapter 9. Considerations with regard
to this component include evaluation of any ongoing load checking program, evaluation
of the two household hazardous waste programs, potential regional programs, and
increased participation of small quantity generators in hazardous waste recycling. (The
AB 2707 regulations will not be available until December.)
Education and Public Information Component
We will prepare the Education and Public Information Component in accordance
with Section 18740 of Chapter 9. We will coordinate with and utilize information
available from the cities and the County. The component will include the following:
BROWN AND CALDWELL 3
Objectives for the short-term and medium-term planning period.
Literature review of educational materials available from USEPA, CIWMB,
GRCDA, and other available sources.
Description of the existing program.
Description of program alternatives and targeted solid waste generators.
Discussion of program implementation, including short-term and medium-term
schedules.
Identify monitoring and evaluation methods and procedures, funding requirements,
responsibilities, and schedules.
As an optional subtask, we will prepare an educational videotape which can be
used during public presentations and in school settings.
Disposal Facility Capacity Component
We will prepare the Disposal Facility Capacity Component in accordance with
Section 18744 of Chapter 9. The 1989 County Solid Waste Management Plan will serve
as the starting point for determining disposal capacity available for each jurisdiction.
Capacity will be estimated based on the 25 percent and 50 percent diversion require-
ments.
Funding Component
We will prepare the Funding Component in accordance with Section 18744 of
Chapter 9. The legislation makes it clear that the SRRE must specify funding for
selected source reduction and recycling programs. The component will include the
following:
A demonstration that there is sufficient funding and allocation of resources for
program planning and development.
Cost estimates, funding sources, and contingency funding sources for component
programs scheduled for implementation in the short-term planning period.
A consideration of a regional and cooperative approach in securing funds for
implementation.
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Integration Component
We will prepare the Integration Component in accordance with Section 18748 of
Chapter 9. The component will include the following:
An explanation of how the 5 waste diversion components combine to achieve the
25 percent and 50 percent mandates of AB 939.
A description of the practices which fulfill the legislative goals of promoting the AB
939 priorities of (1) source reduction, (2) recycling and composting, and (3)
environmentally safe transformation and land disposal.
An explanation of how priorities are to be achieved.
An integration schedule for new and expanded programs.
A graphical computer model will be developed for the MacIntosh personal
computer. The model will incorporate the generation source reduction, recycling,
and composting components for all seven incorporated cities and the unincorporat-
ed area. This model has already been successfully implemented for other entities.
The model will be used to demonstrate how the diversion goals will be achieved.
In addition the model can be easily updated and modified over time.
Task 2. Prepare Individual SRREs
We will prepare individual SRREs for each jurisdiction. The components of the
model SRRE will be tailored to each jurisdiction.
Task 3. CEQA Analyses
The California Environment Quality Act (CEQA) requires that any regulatory
projects within California must provide adequate protection of the environment.The first
step is an initial study including an environmental checklist to determine whether a
comprehensive analysis is necessary. If further investigation is required, then Section
15064 of the CEQA guidelines require an Environmental Impact Report (EIR). It will
be necessary to closely track the development of the SRREs to determine whether such
an analysis is required in order to be able to make timely decisions. We anticipate that
a negative declaration will be probable for each SRRE. However, a jurisdiction might
elect to do a focused EIR because of a specific facility included in the SRRE. We will
assist the county and cities in preparing extension requests for submittal of the SRREs
if it is determined that an EIR is required for an individual SRRE.
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Task 4. Reports
The following reports will be prepared and submitted.
Monthly Progress Reports
Existing Conditions Report
Model SRRE
Draft SRREs
Revised Draft SRREs
Final SRREs
Task 5. Meetings
We will attend and participate in meetings as specified in the Request for Proposal.
We assume the meetings and hearings listed below will be necessary:
County Board or City Council Meetings
Local Task Force Meetings (10 total)
Task 6. Project Management
Key goals of successful project management are to:
• Produce a smooth and logical flow of work.
• Meet project deadlines.
• Stay within allocated budgets.
• Keep staff and jurisdictions informed as to progress and potential problems.
Our management methods have evolved from numerous planning projects. The
schedule presented at the end of this section will be finalized during contract negotia-
tions. The inputs required to finalize the project schedule are:
1. Finalized task and subtask descriptions clearly defining the scope of the work
of each work item.
2. Final estimates of the person-hour requirements of each task and subtask.
3. Identification of personnel to be used on each task and subtask and providing
advanced notice to them and to their supervisors and managers of the need
BROWN AND CALDWELL 6
for their participation in the project. At Brown and Caldwell, 3-month
workload projections identifying project work commitments for all pro-
fessionals are made monthly.
4. Resolution of conflicts of key personnel between the project being scheduled
and other projects. The combination of long-range personnel scheduling and
the fact that we have multiple-person capabilities in most specialty areas
makes resolution of conflicts easier.
5. Identification of calendar days for task completion considering items 1
through 4 above.
Procedures
The following is a summary of the procedures which will be used to facilitate
project management under this contract. Procedures include: (1) project management
plan, (2) task cost estimation, (3) task cost control, (4) schedule control, (5) general
administration, and (6) quality control.
Project Management Plan. At the beginning of the project the management team
develops a project management plan (PMP) that sets forth the procedures to be followed
during conduct of the project.
Task Cost Estimation. The basis for cost estimation is the detailed task Work Plan
which will be prepared for the project by the Project Manager. Our proposal includes
cost estimates for each task. Key staff for the project are usually consulted on level of
effort requirements.
Task Cost Control. The keys to job cost control are weekly reporting of expended
cost and realistic weekly appraisal of the status of various tasks in terms of percent of
completion. Staff estimates of percent completion are made easier by a breakdown of
the project into tasks and subtasks which represent discrete and readily understandable
elements of the work.
A weekly labor report is issued by Brown and Caldwell to each task leader and the
Project Manager on the Tuesday following the submittal of weekly timecards on Friday
of the preceding week. The report shows hours and direct (hourly salary) costs and
presents budgeted amounts as well as expenditures for the week and the job-to-date.
Space is provided on the printout for entry of percent complete. A more detailed report
showing persons who worked on the project during the week and their expended hours
is provided to the team members.
BROWN AND CALDWELL 7
Schedule Control. Knowledge that there are existing or developing problems in
meeting a planned schedule is gained through the weekly reporting system described
earlier. Responsibility for action to correct these problems rests ultimately with the
Project Manager who must insist that the team members identify realistic measures to
correct schedule problems as soon s these problems become apparent. To improve
monitoring and early detection of problems, progress milestones are set within each task
and subtask. The milestone device will be used in our project schedule control activity.
Administration. This contract will be administered through Brown and Caldwell's
Pleasant Hill office and will include the following procedures:
1. All contractual documents (contracts, task orders, agreements with subcon-
tractors, etc.) will be signed by our Principal-in-Charge who is an officer of
Brown and Caldwell.
2. Most contractual and task order discussions and negotiations between Brown
and Caldwell and the County will be handled by the Project Manger with
participation by the Principal-in-Charge as necessary.
3. All invoicing will be to our Pleasant Hill office where invoices will be
reviewed by the project manager and processed for payment.
4. Invoices to the County from Brown and Caldwell will be prepared in our
Pleasant Hill office by our Accounting Department. Our computerized job
cost accounting system is used in preparing invoices. Prior to submittal of an
invoice to the County, the invoice is reviewed and approved by the Project
Manager.
Quality Control. Work product quality control is extremely important to Brown
and Caldwell. Current corporate policy mandates a structured quality control review for
all major projects. Although less structured for smaller projects, quality control review
is considered a critical element on all projects.
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